Damage to ankle ligaments[edit | edit code]
Exercise puts increased stress on the foot and ankle, so this area is often injured. Ankle ligament injuries will be the most common injuries you will encounter.
Ankle ligament injuries occur as a result of excessive supination or pronation of the foot. Due to the structure of the ankle joint, excessive supination occurs more often: the four-part medial ligament is stronger than the three separate lateral ligaments, and in addition, the lateral malleolus, which ends at the fibula, descends below the medial malleolus and better limits pronation than the medial malleolus limits supination . If the ankle ligaments are damaged, it can be fixed with an adhesive bandage, a brace, or both.
Traffic rules of the Republic of Belarus 2021
The Traffic Rules given in this section are the current Traffic Rules of the Republic of Belarus 2021, improved with hyperlinks and pop-up help windows (changes and additions to Decree No. 349 of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated August 10, 2015 and subsequent decrees are taken into account).
The source of information is the National Register of Legal Acts of the Republic of Belarus. Reference data bank of legal information of the Republic of Belarus.
The Traffic Rules highlight special active elements . The active element of the text in the traffic rules of the Republic of Belarus is an indication in the text of the Rules to another paragraph of the Rules, to the number of the road sign or to a term and other instructions. The graphical active element in the traffic rules is all images of road signs and road markings, as well as images of road traffic lights.
In the Traffic Regulations of the Republic of Belarus, a hint window and a hyperlink are attached to the active element.
The traffic rules of the Republic of Belarus contain implicit terms. Such an implicit term of the traffic rules, for example, is the term “Congestion”, and its definition: “Congestion is a cluster of other vehicles stopped on the roadway” is obvious from clause 53.2 of the traffic rules:
"53.2. when a vehicle is forced to stop on the roadway and in places where stopping is prohibited, with the exception of stopping the movement of the vehicle due to the accumulation of other vehicles stopped on the roadway (hereinafter referred to as a traffic jam).”
Note that additional emphasis on implicit terms allows you to better understand the Rules of the Road! We found about 20 such implicit terms in the traffic rules of the Republic of Belarus.
Interactivity in the online traffic rules of the Republic of Belarus is ensured as follows:
- When the mouse cursor hits an active element of the traffic rules text, a pop-up window appears with the corresponding additional information. In paper version, such information often has to be looked for by turning page by page of a traffic rules book;
- when the mouse cursor hits a graphical active element (road sign, markings, traffic light), a pop-up window appears with the corresponding additional information on this graphic element of the Traffic Rules;
- following a link from any active element of the traffic rules text to the corresponding electronic page of the Traffic Rules.
Pop-up help windows may also use implicit traffic rules terms, various traffic rules groupings and creative traffic rules memos.
Closely related to the Belarus traffic rules section is another section of the website “Road Rules 2020” - Express tests. Express tests are a new type of testing according to the Belarusian Traffic Rules. This type of testing covers all points of the traffic rules and tests the test taker for accurate knowledge of the important requirements of the Rules. At the same time, express tests for traffic rules are quick tests that do not take much time during the testing process. Express tests are quick and easy. A quick question in electronic form is a high-tech, informative and educational question. Compared to classic traffic rules testing of the form “Question - Illustration (if any) - Answer options", express testing is an alternative test and has its advantages.
Select below what interests you in “Traffic Regulations Belarus” now: chapters of the Rules, appendices to the Rules, decrees of the President of the Republic of Belarus:
Expand all Decrees of the President of the Republic of Belarus in the section “Traffic Rules Belarus”
Expand all Chapters of Traffic Regulations (27 chapters) in the section “Traffic Regulations Belarus”
Expand Appendix 1 “Road traffic lights” in the section “Traffic rules Belarus”
Expand all chapters and paragraphs of Appendix 2 “Road Signs” (2 chapters, 7 paragraphs in each chapter) in the “Traffic Rules for Belarus” section
Expand all chapters of Appendix 3 “Road markings” (3 chapters) in the “Traffic rules for Belarus” section
Expand all chapters of Appendix 4 “List of vehicle malfunctions” (7 chapters) in the “Traffic Rules for Belarus” section
Expand Appendix 5 “Vehicle identification marks” in the “Traffic rules for Belarus” section
Go to the Express tests section of the site.
A little information on the traffic rules of the Republic of Belarus:
There are not enough illustrations in the decrees of the President of the Republic of Belarus on traffic rules. In 2009, a scientific and practical publication appeared - a commentary on the Traffic Rules, 560 pages in size with black and white illustrations.
The commentary to the Traffic Rules does not currently reflect the important changes made to the Traffic Rules by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated October 13, 2014 No. 483 “On Amendments and Additions to the Traffic Rules.”
Closed braided headband[edit | edit code]
The application of a closed wicker (otherwise known as a basket) bandage begins with anchor strips, after which vertical and horizontal strips are placed alternately, partially overlapping one another and creating a kind of wicker pattern. Finally, one or more strips are applied, covering the heel from the medial or lateral side (Fig. 2.2). In case of damage to the ligaments of the ankle joint caused by turning the foot inward (excessive supination), vertical strips are applied to the lower leg from the inside out; in case of damage caused by turning the foot outward (that is, excessive pronation), vertical strips, on the contrary, are placed from the outside to the inside. Please note that the words “horizontal” and “vertical” are used here according to anatomical position (i.e. standing position).
Figure 2.2.
Closed braided ankle bandage.
The athlete holds the foot at an angle of 90° to the shin. Place two anchor strips on the distal part of the leg (A)
and optionally around the foot
(B).
Due to the fact that anchor strips on the foot often put too much pressure, they are not always applied.
To protect against inward roll of the foot, apply a vertical strip of adhesive tape from the medial side of the shin to the lateral side (B).
To protect against turning the foot outward, the vertical strip should be applied in the opposite direction: from the lateral side to the medial side.
Apply a horizontal horseshoe strip from the medial to the lateral side, and then another vertical strip on top of it to create a braided pattern (D).
Continue this process until three vertical stripes
(D-E) are applied.
Figure 2.2
(continuation).
G.
Completely cover the ankle area with horizontal stripes.
3—K.
Apply strips covering the medial and lateral sides of the heel (in the photo, a strip of adhesive tape covers the heel on the lateral side).
Please note that when covering the heel from the lateral side, you need to pull the strip of adhesive tape in an upward direction. L—O.
In a more complex version, the strip covering the heel is applied in a figure of eight. Please note that when covering the heel from the lateral side, the strip must be pulled in an upward direction, and when covering the medial side - in a downward direction.
Figure 2.2
(ending).
P
.
Result: The bandage supports the ankle joint without compressing the distal part of the foot. R.
Additional joint support can be provided by placing a 2- to 3-inch (5.1 or 7.6 cm) vertical strip of moleskin adhesive tape over the joint before the closed braided bandage.
Figure 2.3.
A non-elastic cotton bandage can be used as a cheaper (though not as effective) replacement for the closed braided bandage. It is placed over the sock; in this case, the foot should be at an angle of 90° to the shin. A-B. First, apply a figure-of-eight bandage covering the heel on both sides (when covering from the lateral side, the bandage should be pulled in an upward direction, and when covering from the medial side, in a downward direction).
Figure 2.3
(ending).
V—D.
Apply a non-elastic adhesive plaster over the bandage, repeating its movement.
The most common mistake when applying such a bandage is applying the anchor strip too tightly to the foot. Under the influence of body weight, the foot flattens, and the strong pressure of the anchor strip becomes extremely uncomfortable. The anchor strip on the foot should be placed as close to the ankle joint as possible. For greater mobility in the joint, this strip may not be applied at all.
How to choose an elastic ankle bandage?
To fix the ankle and foot, use an elastic or compression bandage with a high degree of extensibility. This bandage can stretch 150% relative to its own length.
A tighter bandage (low or medium stretch) when bandaging the foot reduces the mobility of the joint and, instead of coping with swelling, increases it.
To bandage the ankle, use an Intex bandage 1.5-2 m long and 8-10 cm wide. An elastic bandage is used for primary injury and to strengthen the ankle after a dislocation or healing of a fracture.
Other options[edit | edit code]
For the bandage, you can use a non-elastic bandage about 180 cm long in combination with several strips of adhesive tape (Fig. 2.3). This bandage is a cheaper replacement for adhesive plaster, although bandages are inferior to adhesive plaster in effectiveness.
When applying a closed braided bandage, a non-elastic adhesive plaster can be combined with an elastic one (Fig. 2.4). This option is suitable for athletes who do not need to restrict joint mobility as much as a non-elastic adhesive tape bandage does.
Figure 2.4.
A combination of elastic and non-elastic adhesive plaster when applying a bandage.
A-B.
If high rigidity is not required from the bandage, then an elastic adhesive plaster is placed on top of vertical strips of non-elastic adhesive plaster in eight-shaped rounds covering the heel.
Figure 2.4
(ending).
B.
An elastic adhesive plaster is placed around the lower leg up to the anchor strips;
then you can do several figure-of-eight tours with the heel covered with strips of non-elastic adhesive tape. G-E.
For greater rigidity, you can apply a regular closed braided bandage with strips of non-elastic adhesive plaster, and then make several figure-of-eight rounds covering the heel with an elastic adhesive plaster.
F—3.
Finally, on top of the elastic adhesive plaster, you can apply several figure-of-eight rounds, covering the heel with a non-elastic adhesive plaster.
How to properly apply a figure-eight bandage to an ankle?
1. Start the bandage above the ankles (the protruding bones on the sides of the foot). While stretching the bandage slightly, perform 2-3 circular turns to secure the bandage. 2. Then pass the bandage obliquely in the opposite direction along the back of the foot, make 2-3 turns around the foot and return the bandage to its original place. A cross should form on the back of the foot. 3. Repeat the steps 5-6 times until the joint area is completely covered. The heel should remain free. 4. Secure the bandage over your ankles with a few turns. Secure the end of the bandage using a special clip, which is included with the Intex compression bandage.
Open braided headband[edit | edit code]
This bandage is applied to the ankle joint for acute injury. It is similar to a closed braided bandage, but leaves the dorsum of the foot open (Fig. 2.5). In some cases, for greater compression of the joint, an elastic bandage can be applied over the adhesive bandage. At the same time, the athlete is informed that the bandage must be removed at night and the adhesive bandage left untouched.
Figure 2.5.
An open braided bandage for the ankle joint for compression and strengthening in case of acute injury.
A.
The dressing begins with the application of proximal and distal anchor strips, leaving the anterior surface of the leg and dorsum of the foot open.
B.
To protect against turning the foot inward, apply a vertical strip of adhesive tape from the medial side of the shin to the lateral side.
B.
Horizontal horseshoe-shaped strips are applied in the same way as with a closed braided bandage, but leaving the front surface of the leg and the back of the foot open.
G-D.
Apply vertical strips and horseshoe strips until the plantar surface of the foot and the back of the lower leg are completely covered.
Use separate strips of adhesive tape to cover the medial (E)
and lateral
(G)
sides of the heel.
Figure 2.5
(ending).
3—I.
Apply fixation strips to the front of the shin and the back of the foot.
K.
To secure the bandage, three horizontal strips of adhesive tape can be applied, explaining to the athlete that they will need to be removed if, due to severe swelling of the ankle joint, the bandage begins to cause pain to
the L-N.
Place an elastic bandage over the bandage to secure it and provide additional compression to the ankle joint. When applying ice and before going to bed, the bandage should be removed.
In addition to a brace, an athlete who has suffered an acute ankle injury may need crutches. They are selected so that they rest on the ground about 15 cm outside and in front of the feet and so that there is a free space 2-3 fingers wide between the armpits and the top of the crutches. The athlete's elbows should be bent at an angle of approximately 20-30°. The athlete is explained that he needs to lean on the crutches with his hands, and not with his armpits (Fig. 2.6).
Figure 2.6.
Properly selected crutches. The athlete rests on them with his hands, and not with his armpits.
Rules and methods of applying a bandage (on the lower limb)
Returning bandage on the toes. Used for diseases and injuries of the toes. Bandage width 3-5 cm.
The bandage is usually used to hold the dressing material on the wounds of 1 toe and rarely to cover the other toes, which are usually bandaged along with the entire foot.
The bandage starts from the plantar surface of the base of the finger, covers the tip of the finger and runs the bandage along its back surface to the base. Make a bend and creep the bandage to the tip of the finger. Then they bandage it with spiral rounds to the base, where the bandage is fixed.
Spiral bandage for the first toe. The width of the bandage is 3-5 cm. Usually only one thumb is bandaged separately. It is recommended to begin bandaging with strengthening circular tours in the lower third of the shin above the ankles. Then the bandage is passed through the dorsum of the foot to the nail phalanx of 1 finger. From here, the entire toe is covered with spiral rounds to the base and again through the back of the foot the bandage is returned to the lower leg, where the bandage is finished with fixing circular rounds.
Spiral bandage for big toe
Spica bandage for the first toe. The width of the bandage is 3-5 cm. Like all spica bandages, the spica bandage for the first toe is bandaged in the direction of the injury. On the left foot the bandage is applied from left to right, on the right foot - from right to left.
Bandaging begins with strengthening circular tours in the lower third of the shin above the ankles. Then the bandage is carried from the inner ankle to the back of the foot to its outer surface and along the plantar surface to the inner edge of the nail phalanx of the first toe. After a circular turn on the first toe, the bandage is moved along the dorsum of the foot to its outer edge and the bandage is moved in a circular turn through the plantar surface to the outer ankle.
Each subsequent round of the bandage on the first finger moves upward in relation to the previous one, thus forming an ascending spica-shaped bandage.
Spica bandage for the big toe
Returning bandage on the peripheral parts of the foot. Used for diseases and injuries of the peripheral parts of the foot and fingers. Bandage width – 10 cm.
Each finger is covered with a dressing separately, or all fingers together with gauze pads between them. Then they begin to bandage the foot. Circular strengthening tours are applied to the midfoot. After that, using longitudinal returning tours from the plantar surface of the foot through the tips of the toes to the dorsum and back, the entire width of the foot is covered. The bandage is carried along a creeping path to the tips of the fingers, from where the foot is bandaged in spiral rounds to the middle. The bandage on the foot usually does not hold well, so it is recommended to finish the bandage with strengthening figure-eight rounds around the ankle joint with fixing circular rounds above the ankles.
Returning bandage for the entire foot. It is used for foot injuries when it is necessary to cover the entire foot, including the toes. Bandage width – 10 cm.
Bandaging begins with circular fixing rounds in the lower third of the shin above the ankles. Then the bandage is transferred to the foot, from the side of the inner ankle on the right foot and from the outside ankle on the left, and several circular strokes are applied along the lateral surface of the foot to the first toe, from it back along the opposite lateral surface of the foot to the heel. From the heel, the bandage is carried in a creeping motion to the tips of the fingers and the foot is bandaged in spiral moves in the direction of the lower third of the lower leg. In the ankle joint, the technique of applying a bandage to the heel area is used. Finish the bandage with circular rounds above the ankles.
Returning bandage for the entire foot
Cross-shaped (eight-shaped) bandage on the foot. Allows you to securely fix the ankle joint in case of ligament damage and some diseases of the joint. Bandage width – 10 cm.
The foot is placed in a position at right angles to the shin. Bandaging begins with circular fixing rounds in the lower third of the shin above the ankles. Then the bandage is moved obliquely along the dorsum of the ankle joint to the lateral surface of the foot (to the outer surface of the left foot and to the inner surface of the right foot). Perform a circular motion around the foot.
Next, from the opposite side surface of the foot along its back, they cross the previous course of the bandage obliquely upward and return to the lower leg. A circular motion is performed again over the ankles and the eight-shaped strokes of the bandage are repeated 5-6 times to create reliable fixation of the ankle joint. The bandage ends in circular motions on the shins above the ankles.
Cross-shaped (eight-shaped) bandage on the foot
Bandage on the heel area (tortoiseshell type). Used to completely cover the heel area like a divergent tortoiseshell bandage. Bandage width – 10 cm.
Bandaging begins with circular fixing rounds on the shins above the ankles. Then the bandage is applied obliquely down the back surface to the ankle joint. The first circular tour is applied through the most protruding part of the heel and the dorsum of the ankle joint and circular strokes are added to it above and below the first one. However, in this case, there is a loose fit of the bandage to the surface of the foot. To avoid this, the bandages are strengthened with an additional oblique move of the bandage, running from the back surface of the ankle joint down and anteriorly to the outer lateral surface of the foot. Then, along the plantar surface, the bandage is moved to the inner edge of the foot and the diverging rounds of the tortoiseshell bandage continue to be applied. The bandage ends in circular circles in the lower third of the shin above the ankles.
Heel bandage
Spica bandage on the foot
Spica-shaped ascending bandage on the foot. It is used to reliably hold dressing material on the dorsal and plantar surfaces for injuries and diseases of the foot. The toes remain uncovered. Bandage width – 10 cm.
Bandaging begins with circular fixing rounds through the most protruding part of the heel and the back surface of the ankle joint. Then, from the heel, the bandage is moved along the outer surface of the right foot (on the left foot - along the inner surface), obliquely along the back surface to the base of the first toe (on the left foot - to the base of the fifth toe). Make a full circle around the foot and return the bandage to the back surface at the base of the fifth toe (on the left foot - at the base of the first toe). Along the back of the foot, they cross the previous round and return to the heel area on the opposite side. Going around the heel from behind, repeat the described eight-shaped rounds of the bandage, gradually shifting them towards the ankle joint. The bandage ends in circular circles in the lower third of the shin above the ankles.
Foot bandages. There are scarves that cover the entire foot, heel area and ankle joint.
Bandage for the entire foot. The plantar area is covered with the middle of the scarf, the top of the scarf is wrapped, covering the toes and the back of the foot. The ends are brought to the back of the foot, crossed, and then wrapped around the shin above the ankles and tied with a knot on the front surface.
Bandages for the foot: a b – for the entire foot; c – on the heel area and ankle joint area
Scarf bandage for the heel area and ankle joint. The scarf is placed on the plantar surface of the foot. The base of the scarf is located across the foot. The apex is located along the back surface of the ankle joint. The ends of the scarf are crossed first on the back of the foot, and then over the top of the back surface of the ankle joint and the lower third of the lower leg. The ends are tied on the front surface of the shin above the ankles.
Spiral bandage with bends on the lower leg. Allows you to hold the dressing material on wounds and other injuries of the lower leg, which has a cone shape. Bandage width – 10 cm.
Bandaging begins with fastening circular tours in the lower third of the shin above the ankles. Then they make several circular spiral rounds and on the cone-shaped area of the lower leg they switch to bandaging with spiral rounds with bends similar to the spiral bandage on the forearm. The bandage ends in circular circles in the upper third of the leg below the knee joint.
Spiral bandage on the shin (general view)
Scarf bandage for the shin. The base of the scarf is wound around the shin in a helical manner. The lower end of the scarf is carried over the ankle area and directed slightly upward, where it is secured with a pin. The other end of the scarf covers the upper part of the shin from above in a circular motion and the end is also secured with a pin.
Shin bandage
Turtle bandage for the knee joint. Allows you to securely hold the dressing material in the area of the knee joint and the areas immediately adjacent to it, while movements in the joint are slightly limited. If there is damage directly in the area of the knee joint, a converging turtle bandage is applied, and if there is damage near the knee joint, a divergent bandage is applied. The bandage is applied in a position of slight flexion in the joint. Bandage width – 10 cm.
Converging turtle bandage for the knee joint area. Bandaging begins with fastening circular tours in the lower third of the thigh above the knee joint or in the upper third of the lower leg below the knee joint, depending on where the wound or other damage is located. Then, converging eight-shaped rounds of bandage are applied, crossing in the popliteal region.
The bandage ends in circular circles in the upper third of the leg under the knee joint.
Expanding tortoiseshell bandage for the knee joint area. Bandaging begins with securing circular tours through the most protruding part of the patella. Then eight-shaped diverging moves are performed, crossing in the popliteal region. The bandage ends in circular circles in the upper third of the leg or lower third of the thigh, depending on where the damage is located.
If it is necessary to apply a bandage to the lower limb in an extended position, use a spiral bandaging technique with bends. The bandage begins with circular moves in the upper third of the leg and ends with fixing rounds in the lower third of the thigh.
Turtle bandage on the knee joint: a, b – converging; c – divergent
Spiral bandage with bends on the thigh. It is used to hold dressing material on wounds and other injuries of the thigh, which, like the lower leg, has a cone shape. Bandage width – 10-14 cm.
Bandaging begins with securing circular tours in the lower third of the thigh above the knee joint. Then the entire surface of the thigh is covered from bottom to top using spiral moves of the bandage with bends.
As a rule, such bandages on the thigh are poorly held and easily slip off.
Therefore, it is recommended to complete the bandage with rounds of a spica bandage on the hip joint area. Tags: vmp
Ankle orthoses[edit | edit code]
Instead of adhesive bandages on the ankle joint, lace-up orthoses are often used, especially when it is not possible to get to a doctor (Fig. 2.7). Orthoses can also be used as an addition to bandages. They are usually placed over the socks and are often reinforced with a rigid frame on the lateral side.
Figure 2.7. A-B.
Ankle orthoses that can be used instead of braces. They allow normal plantar and dorsiflexion of the foot, but limit pronation and supination.
Exercises for the ankle joint[edit | edit code]
Ankle exercises are designed to restore or maintain normal flexibility, strength and stability. Damage to the ankle ligaments often results in impaired dorsiflexion. During rehabilitation after such injuries, athletes should perform stretching exercises for the muscles acting on the ankle joint, primarily the gastrocnemius and soleus.
In Fig. Figure 2.8 shows exercises for stretching the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. The exercise begins by stretching the calf muscle, which starts from the femur, so the leg is fully extended at the knee joint. Then the exercise is repeated with the leg bent at the knee joint: in this case, the gastrocnemius muscle contracts and it becomes possible to act only on the soleus muscle, which starts from the bones of the lower leg. Standing on a wedge-shaped stand (with the toe of the sore leg facing up and the heel down) also allows for a good stretch of these muscles. The remaining muscles of the lower leg are stretched manually, without additional devices. During these and other static stretching exercises described in the book, you must hold the final position for 10-15 seconds.
Figure 2.8. A.
Stretching the calf muscle with a towel.
The athlete should bring the foot into dorsiflexion and then pull on the ends of the towel to stretch the muscle. During stretching, the neutral position of the foot should alternate with its supination (B)
and pronation
(C).
Then, to stretch the soleus muscle, the exercise is repeated with the leg bent at the knee joint and hanging over the edge of the table.
D.
You can stretch the anterior group of shin muscles without additional devices by placing the foot in plantar flexion.
Static stretching
- stretching muscles in a stationary position.
Exercises to strengthen the main muscle groups of the lower leg consist of supination, pronation, plantar and dorsiflexion of the foot overcoming the resistance of a rubber expander (Fig. 2.9). Like stretching exercises, plantar flexion of the foot should be performed with the leg extended and bent at the knee joint to consistently strengthen the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. I recommend performing all the strength exercises described in this book in three sets of 10 or more repetitions; in this case, the expander must be selected individually. In the books listed in the bibliography, you can find more complex exercises with gradually increasing resistance.
Figure 2.9.
Exercises to strengthen the lower leg muscles using a rubber expander.
A.
Supination of the foot.
B.
Pronation of the foot.
B.
Plantar flexion of the foot.
D.
Dorsal flexion of the foot.
D.
To isolatedly strengthen the soleus muscle, plantar flexion of the foot is repeated by bending the leg at the knee joint 90°
Ankle injuries often result in impaired stability and proprioception. To restore them, special training devices are produced. However, there is an easier way: standing on one leg with your eyes open and then closed (Fig. 2.10). The exercise can be made more difficult by lightly pushing the athlete's shoulder from any of the four sides while the athlete's eyes are closed.
Figure 2.10.
Exercises to train proprioception and balance.
The athlete tries to maintain balance on one leg, first with his eyes open (A)
and then with his eyes closed
(B).
To complicate the exercise, the athlete is asked to close his eyes and lightly push in a random direction
(C-D).
Balance is maintained by contracting the lower leg muscles.
Ankle brace: what is it, types of orthoses
An ankle brace is a device worn on this part of the leg, made of different materials to ensure reliable fixation of the ligamentous apparatus of the joint and the bones that form this joint. Previously, plaster casts or elastic bandages were used for these purposes. However, now progress in the field of orthopedic products allows the use of more convenient and functional retainer models.
An ankle brace, the benefits of which are obvious in the treatment of a wide variety of injuries and diseases, can be manufactured in different models:
- hard
– are made using metal or plastic ribs, provide stable fixation, can be used even for fractures and are not inferior to plaster casts in terms of mobilization density;
- splint designs
– they do not have hinges, and this helps the doctor to easily observe how the bones grow together; if necessary, as the damaged tissues heal, the degree of fixation can be adjusted;
- semi-rigid
– the level of fixation in them allows you to maintain slight mobility of the joint, limits its movement to the required extent, eliminates the fear of stepping on the sore leg;
- soft
– worn to prevent sprains (often used by athletes) or during the rehabilitation period after ankle injuries;
- medicinal
– drugs with different properties (anti-inflammatory, warming, etc.) have been introduced into the material of the bandages.
Depending on the purpose of use, ankle braces are divided into the following types:
- corrective
– eliminate joint deformation;
- fixing
– provide immobilization of joint tissues and bones;
- compression
– worn both to fix joint structures and to accelerate the healing of warming tissues;
- unloading
– reduce the load on the ankle;
- dynamic
– used to maintain normal functioning of the joint.
There are also special ankle braces used for foot drop. It can be:
- bandages with hinges
– do not limit mobility, but protect joint structures;
- hingeless clamps
– used for severe pathologies.
Before purchasing an ankle orthosis, it is better to consult with a specialist. A doctor or an experienced consultant will recommend the type of brace required in a given clinical case, and will take into account all the features of the existing injury, disease, load on the leg or lifestyle.