Electrophoresis with novocaine at the rehabilitation center of the Yusupov Hospital. Electrophoresis at an affordable price in Moscow

Electrophoresis is a popular physiotherapeutic method, during which a drug is injected into the affected area through the action of galvanic current, without damaging the skin. Electrophoresis with novocaine is especially often used for osteochondrosis of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine. This procedure helps alleviate pain, eliminate muscle spasms, and stimulate blood microcirculation.

The rehabilitation clinic of the Yusupov Hospital is equipped with modern physiotherapeutic equipment necessary to carry out effective procedures. Experienced physiotherapists monitor the entire treatment process until the patients’ complete recovery.

Electrophoresis with novocaine: rules of execution

The electrophoresis procedure with novocaine is quite simple to perform. It is carried out using two fabric pads with dimensions corresponding to the electrodes. The electrode fits freely inside the gasket and is covered on both sides with fabric.

The novocaine solution is applied to a clean, damp pad at a warm temperature, the medicinal substance is applied to the positive or negative electrode in accordance with the table.

Electrodes with fabric pads are applied to the affected area (on the cervical, thoracic or lumbar region of the spine), maintaining a small distance between them and fixing them with plastic bags filled with sand or cellophane film.

There is another way to perform the procedure that does not involve the use of gaskets.

After applying the medicinal substance and electrodes, the device is turned on. The current must be increased very gradually. The level is selected depending on the patient’s sensations: in the areas where the electrodes are located, he should experience a slight tingling sensation.

Electrophoresis with novocaine should not be accompanied by pain or burning sensations, as this threatens the appearance of a burn on the treated areas.

Electrophoresis procedures are recommended to be carried out daily or every other day. The course usually consists of 10-20 sessions lasting from 10 to 15 minutes.

Advantages and disadvantages of electrophoresis

Electrophoresis is the most frequently prescribed procedure in physiotherapy, as it has many useful properties:

Effective treatment requires a much smaller amount of medication;
after electrophoresis, medicinal substances remain in the body longer, which prolongs the therapeutic effect (especially in chronic diseases);
direct effect on the source of inflammation, which practically does not affect other tissues of the body;
the ability to accurately calculate drug dosages.

The disadvantages include a small amount of drugs that are suitable for such percutaneous administration and the inability to create a high concentration of the active substance.

Electrophoresis with novocaine: indications

Electrophoresis with novocaine is used at the Rehabilitation Center of the Yusupov Hospital for patients with various diseases in almost all medical fields:

neurological ailments (migraines, neuroses);
diseases of the cardiovascular system (hypertension);
ENT diseases;
pulmonary (bronchitis, pneumonia);
gynecological (adhesions, erosions;
urological (inflammatory, adhesive processes);
in surgery (for burns, postoperative scars);
dermatological problems;
dental diseases (inflammation, fluorosis);
in traumatology and orthopedics.

Due to its absolute safety, electrophoresis with novocaine can be used even by children, including newborns.

When is electrophoresis used in children:

Medicinal electrophoresis is widely used in pediatrics, as it allows one to avoid injections that frighten children, and allows one to reduce the concentrations and doses of drugs, reducing their side effects and preventing allergic reactions. The medicinal effect is “targeted”, because the drug is injected into the skin exactly in the affected area. At the same time, a so-called “depot” of the drug is created in the skin, which makes the effect more long-lasting. Electrophoresis is used in all medical fields, from surgery (for example, cleaning infected wounds with electrophoresis with enzymes), to cosmetology, dermatology and dentistry. In children, it is actively used in the treatment of neurological diseases, in the treatment of bone fractures, and in bronchopulmonary diseases.

Electrophoresis with novocaine: contraindications

Despite its harmlessness, electrophoresis with novocaine is contraindicated in patients with the following diseases and conditions:

various neoplasms;
fever or high temperature;
acute inflammatory processes;
purulent processes;
severe bronchial asthma;
aphasia;
severe conditions;
individual intolerance to the procedure (the main active ingredient of the drug);
acute stages of radicular syndrome;
tuberculosis;
tendency to develop bleeding.

It is not recommended to carry out electrophoresis with novocaine if there is damage to the skin at the site of intended exposure.

Types of electrophoresis

Several variants of the procedure have been developed to carry out therapy:

Classical.
Electrochemical lysis . Used in the treatment of cancer. The technique is prescribed in the initial stages as an auxiliary procedure.
Electrodraining. It is used when it is necessary to reduce the cost of treatment with expensive drugs, since electrophoresis uses a smaller amount of the active substance.
Interstitial . The patient takes medications as usual (injected, orally, etc.), and galvanization is performed in the area of inflammation.

Electrophoresis with novocaine for osteochondrosis

Electrophoresis with novocaine shows excellent results in the treatment of osteochondrosis.

Osteochondrosis develops when the intervertebral discs lose their elasticity and elasticity, and their subsequent dehydration, which leads to gradual destruction. Osteophytes – bone growths – form at the edges of the discs. Collapsed intervertebral discs lead to changes in the height of the vertebrae, as a result of which the nerve roots located between the vertebrae are pinched, resulting in pain in the patient.

Osteochondrosis develops in specific parts of the spine: the lumbar, cervical, and thoracic spine.

Doctors at the Rehabilitation Center at the Yusupov Hospital select a particular drug for electrophoresis depending on the stage of the disease:

in the acute stage, electrophoresis is performed with novocaine, baralgin, sodium salicylate, benzohexonium, pentamine;
in the recovery stage, electrophoresis with sulfur, zinc, nicotinic acid, aminophylline, bischofite, therapeutic mud or mud squeezes is prescribed.

Electrophoresis with novocaine is carried out in cases of exacerbation of cervical and lumbar osteochondrosis, in patients with radicular pain, reduced or absent sensitivity in the area of pain.

When performing electrophoresis, the anode is placed on the collar area or in the area of maximum pain. The cathode is placed symmetrically in the spine area.

A gasket soaked in a solution of novocaine (0.5%) or procaine is placed under the anode. The duration of the procedure itself is from 15 to 30 minutes, depending on the intensity of the pain; in case of severe pain, electrophoresis can be performed twice a day. A course of electrophoresis with novocaine for osteochondrosis consists of 10-20 sessions.

For patients with pronounced pain syndrome outside the exacerbation phase of the disease, disturbances in the circulatory system in the spinal roots, a feeling of numbness, coldness in the legs and feet, specialists at the Yusupov Hospital rehabilitation clinic recommend bipolar electrophoresis with novocaine and nicotinic acid.

This procedure is performed by analogy with the previous one, but using a solution of novocaine (0.5%) for the anode and a solution of nicotinic acid (1%) for the cathode.

Electrophoresis with novocaine (in addition - with analgin, nicotinic acid) can also be used to treat diseases of periarticular tissues:

bursitis (inflammation of the periarticular mucous membrane, most often in the knee or elbow joint);
myositis (inflammatory process in the muscles);
epicondylitis (an inflammatory process that affects the periosteum located on the large protrusions of the long tubular bones of the upper and lower extremities - humerus, radius, elbow, tibia, femur).

High results in the treatment of osteochondrosis at the Rehabilitation Center of the Yusupov Hospital are achieved through the integrated use of electrophoresis with novocaine, drug therapy and massage. The simultaneous provision of local, general and manual effects ensures rapid elimination of pain. This treatment tactic significantly increases the effect of using muscle relaxants.

For what disorders are these procedures prescribed and how are they carried out?

Electrophoresis according to Ratner (with aminophylline and papaverine):

Circulatory disorders in the cervical spine
Injuries and hypoxia during pregnancy and childbirth
Torticollis
cerebral palsy
ZPR
Specific disorders of speech development (especially effective in combination with speech therapy massage and speech therapy classes)

Electrodes are applied at the back in the cervical-collar area, at the front on the right side of the chest. Exposure time 15-20 minutes. The number of procedures is 10-14.

Electrophoresis with magnesium:

Increased excitability of the nervous system
ADHD
Sleep disturbance
Astheno-neurotic syndrome
Tiki
Stuttering
Autonomic dysfunction
Headache

Electrodes are applied at the back in the cervical-collar area. Exposure time 15-20 minutes. The number of procedures is 10-14.

Electrophoresis with an antispasmodic on the lower extremities:

Cerebral palsy spastic form
“Tiptoes” (the child often walks, resting only on the front of the foot)
Flat valgus foot

Electrodes are applied to the calf muscles. Exposure time 15-20 minutes. The number of procedures is 10-12.

Other drugs for electrophoresis for osteochondrosis

The electrophoresis procedure for osteochondrosis at the Yusupov Hospital is carried out using the following substances:

aminophylline – an anesthetic that accelerates local blood circulation and improves the nutrition of cartilage tissue;
magnesium sulfate or urea - which have antispasmodic, sedative, anticonvulsant and diuretic properties. Thanks to the use of urea, swelling is eliminated, its further occurrence is prevented, trophism and transmission of nerve impulses are improved;
lidase - a preparation containing a special enzyme - hyaluronidase, which increases tissue permeability and facilitates the movement of fluid in the joints, resulting in increased mobility;
apifor - a drug with bee venom that has anti-inflammatory, local irritant and analgesic effects;
Shilajit solution is a natural remedy that has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, regenerative and anti-edematous effect. Thanks to this substance, pain is eliminated, tissue regeneration is stimulated, and their functions are normalized;
Karipain – which has a regenerating effect in damaged intervertebral discs;
humisol - a preparation with sea medicinal mud that has an anti-inflammatory effect, promotes the activation of regenerative processes in damaged tissues, as well as increasing the nonspecific resistance of the body.

The electrophoresis procedure with novocaine or any other drug prescribed by the attending physician can be performed at affordable prices in the rehabilitation clinic of the Yusupov Hospital. Our highly qualified specialists will select the most effective treatment regimen that will allow you to forget about the disease in a short time and forever.

You can ask all your questions and make an appointment with a doctor by phone or online on the Yusupov Hospital website.

Electrophoresis is used for the following diseases:

Nervous diseases: perinatal pathology of the central nervous system, hypertension syndrome in children, muscular dystonia syndrome, neuritis, neuralgia, migraines, sleep disorders, enuresis in children
ENT diseases: sinusitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis
In the treatment of ARI - pharyngitis, tracheitis, pneumonia
Vision pathology – for the correction of myopia, astigmatism, farsightedness
For kidney pathology: for the treatment of pyelonephritis, cystitis.
Diseases of the digestive system: stomach and duodenal ulcers, colitis, gastritis, cholecystitis
Pulmonary diseases: chronic and acute bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia
Surgical diseases: recovery in the postoperative period, treatment of scars
Dermatology: atopic dermatitis, acne scars, seborrhea, rosacea

How is electrophoresis done?

The mechanism of action is as follows: a medicinal substance is applied to the body, pad and electrode. Its ions are driven by electric current. Through the sweat ducts, the medicine travels through the bloodstream to the necessary organs and tissues. The effect of therapy depends on the concentration of the substance, the strength of the current, the duration of the procedure, and the specifics of the patient’s skin.

During the procedure, children are given minimum parameters. To avoid fright and fear, it is important for young children to properly prepare for treatment, explain that it will not hurt, but slight tingling is possible. The first procedure, for the purpose of getting to know each other, is carried out at minimum settings or even without turning on the device.

For infants, the session is performed an hour after feeding or 45 minutes before it.

Before and after therapy, the nurse must conduct a skin examination. There should be no damage, redness or burns. After exposure to current, it is advisable to lubricate the area where the electrodes are applied with cream or special oil.

Electrophoresis of therapeutic mud

The medicinal components that make up the mud masses are biopolarly mobile in the electric field, so electrophoresis is carried out from both electrodes.

Electric mud therapy is used in the following cases:

progressive course of spondylosis and arthrosis (not during the period of exacerbation);
pain;
fibrous and articular changes;
increase in joint size;
bone tissue dystrophy;
circulatory disorders.

Methodology

Mud cakes 1.5-2 cm thick wrapped in a 3-4 layer gauze bandage are placed under the cathode (+) and anode (-), the temperature of the mass should not exceed 40-42 degrees Celsius.

Duration of treatment: 15-30 minutes, at least 10-20 daily procedures are required.

What should you remember when performing electrophoresis at home?

Electrophoresis can be done at home only after consulting a doctor. Make sure you have no contraindications to the procedure. Otherwise you will treat one thing and “criple” the other. You can start ion therapy only after thoroughly studying the instructions, correctly installing the electrodes and preparing the necessary solutions in certain proportions and quantities. It is not recommended to do more procedures than the doctor prescribes, since the absorption of drugs may decrease.

Before the first procedure, get a prescription from your doctor with the dosage of the drug according to the course of treatment. It is advisable to invite a nurse to clearly demonstrate electrophoresis, and then repeat her actions.

The problem of restorative treatment of patients with ischemic diseases of the brain is one of the most pressing in modern neurology, which is determined by their widespread prevalence, high mortality and severity of disability. According to epidemiological studies [4, 9, 19, 27], ischemic brain lesions predominate among all types of cerebrovascular pathology (CVD). The main ones are occlusive processes of the main arteries of the head, disorders of general and cerebral hemodynamics with the formation of cerebrovascular insufficiency, cardiogenic embolism, and pathology of small arteries [5, 26]. Regardless of the pathogenetic variant of the development of cerebral dyscirculation, the result is acute focal ischemia [10, 25, 33].

The current stage of studying the pathogenesis and improving the diagnosis of cerebral ischemia is associated with the use of the latest neuro- and angiovisualization techniques, which make it possible to study the structure, blood circulation, metabolism of the brain, and its functional activity [7, 23, 30]. As a result of these studies, the main stages of the formation of cerebral ischemia were identified, including rapid reactions of the glutamate-calcium cascade, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. It has been proven that, for a certain time, the infarct zone is surrounded by ischemic but viable tissue - the “ischemic penumbra” zone (penumbra), in which neurons are in an inactive state, but retain structural integrity and basic physiological mechanisms. There is a possibility of tissue survival in the penumbra zone for 48-72 hours after cerebrovascular accident, which is the basis for the use of secondary neuroprotection methods [12, 18].

In the treatment of patients with CVP, unconditional priority belongs to pharmacotherapy methods, including reperfusion, neuroprotection, and stimulation of reparative processes [6, 13, 24]. Already in the early stages after cerebral dyscirculation, rehabilitation measures become of great importance, including physical methods of treatment that contribute to the restoration of neurological functions, psychological, labor and social rehabilitation of patients.

Among the physical methods used in the treatment of patients with CVP, electrophoresis of medicinal substances is considered the oldest and most widespread [20, 21]. Medicinal electrophoresis is a complex electropharmacotherapeutic method, the main features of which are determined by the combined effect on the body of direct electric current and administered medicinal substances. The most important of them are increasing the sensitivity of tissues to the drug, reducing the frequency of side effects, high local concentration of drugs, etc. [22].

One of the urgent tasks remains the development of new techniques for this treatment method. We have developed and tested methods of electrophoresis of Cavinton and Trental for various forms of CVP [2, 15, 16]. Their choice is due to numerous experimental and clinical studies confirming their effectiveness in the treatment of CVP [1, 14]. The therapeutic effect of Cavinton is to increase cerebral blood flow, have a positive effect on brain metabolism, the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, and platelet hemostasis [3, 17, 28, 32].

Trental (pentoxifylline) is also a vasoactive drug, which has a pronounced effect on microcirculation processes, the interaction of the endothelium and cellular elements of the blood, and the deformability of erythrocytes. All this leads to improved blood flow in general and increased tissue oxygenation in the ischemic zone [8, 11, 29, 31].

The purpose of this study was the development and pathogenetic substantiation of the use of electrophoresis of vasoactive drugs (Cavinton and Trental) in ischemic forms of CVP. In the course of the work, the following tasks were solved: to study the features of the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of these physical factors in patients with initial manifestations of insufficiency of blood supply to the brain (CIB), transient ischemic attacks (TIA) and minor stroke (MI), major stroke (IS).

Material and methods

The observation included 250 patients with vascular pathology of the brain aged from 30 to 72 years, of which 80 had NPCM, 70 had TIA and MI, and 100 had OI. Patients with MI and MI were predominantly in the early recovery period of the disease. The main etiological factors against which cerebral dyscirculation developed were cerebral atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and their combination.

All patients underwent a course of treatment, including electrophoresis of Cavinton or Trental according to the method we developed, massage of the collar area (and in case of stroke, paretic limbs), and therapeutic exercises. Depending on the treatment method, patients of each nosological group were divided into 2 subgroups, the first of which took Cavinton-electrophoresis, the second - Trental-electrophoresis. The procedure was as follows: the medicinal substance (for Cavinton electrophoresis - 10 mg of Cavinton mixed with 1 ml of a 50% dimexide solution; for trental electrophoresis - 50 mg of a 2% trental solution) was applied to each pad of a bifurcated anode electrode, which was placed on the cervical paravertebral zones, and the cathode - on the right subclavian region, current strength - 10-15 mA, exposure time 10-15 minutes daily, 10-15 procedures per course of treatment.

The effectiveness of treatment was assessed based on clinical and biochemical studies. In this case, 4 effectiveness criteria were used: significant improvement, improvement, slight improvement, no change. The presence of the first three gradations was regarded as a positive therapeutic effect. To assess motor deficits, we used a 6-point system for assessing muscle strength, tone, walking skills and self-care, developed at the Scientific Center for Neurology of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Cerebral hemodynamics were studied using rheoencephalography (REG). A quantitative analysis of the curves was carried out - the amplitude of the arterial component (A), the indicator of peripheral vascular resistance (V/A), the indicator of venous outflow (VO), and the asymmetry coefficient (CA) were determined. The bioelectrical activity of the brain was studied using electroencephalography (EEG) in a monopolar manner; when determining its type, we were guided by the classification of E.A. Zhirmunskaya and V.S. Losev, carried out computer spectral analysis. Blood clotting time (BC), recalcification time (RT), plasma tolerance to heparin (TPG), prothrombin index (PI), fibrinogen concentration (FG), blood fibrinolytic activity (FLA), viscosity, hematocrit, erythrocyte aggregation activity (Agr) were determined. .E), their deformability index (IDE).

Results and discussion

Observations of patients during the treatment period showed good tolerability of Cavinton and Trental electrophoresis procedures. Only in isolated cases was there a negative reaction to the procedure associated with poor tolerance of galvanic current. After the course of treatment, certain positive dynamics were observed in all groups, most significant in the initial stages of CVP. Thus, in both subgroups of patients with NPNCM, a significant ( p

<0.001) reduction in the severity of headaches (in 82.5 and 85% of patients), dizziness (in 70 and 77.5%), sleep disturbances (in 47.5 and 57.5%), emotional-volitional disorders (in 65 and 75%) (Table 1).
Analysis of the treatment results showed the high clinical effectiveness of the treatment methods used: in the 1st subgroup it was 48%, in the 2nd - 52.5%.
In patients with TIA and MI, under the influence of the course of treatment, the severity of not only subjective, but also objective focal symptoms decreased. Positive changes in the motor sphere were noted in 25.7 and 28.6% of patients; they were expressed by an increase in muscle strength, normalization of tone, and the disappearance of anisoreflexia. The overall clinical effectiveness in the 1st subgroup was 42.3%, in the 2nd - 38.9%.

In patients with OI, therapy also led to regression of neurological symptoms. When using Cavinton electrophoresis, 36% of patients experienced an improvement in spontaneous activity, emotional background, and sleep; in 39% of patients, blood pressure stabilized with minimal doses of antihypertensive drugs; in 41%, the severity of sensory and coordination disorders decreased. When using trental electrophoresis, these figures were 32, 37.5 and 44%, respectively. Assessment of motor functions revealed a decrease in the degree of paresis and muscle-tonic disorders, improvement in walking and self-care skills. The overall clinical effectiveness in the 1st subgroup was 41.5%, in the 2nd - 37.9%.

Analysis of REG data revealed varying degrees of cerebral hemodynamic disturbances, correlating with the severity of CVP. They were manifested by a decrease in blood supply to the arterial basins, an increase in the tone of medium- and small-caliber arteries and an increase in peripheral vascular resistance, a decrease in the tone of the veins and difficulty in venous outflow. The most significant shifts in hemodynamic parameters were found in patients with OI.

Under the influence of a course of treatment with electrophoresis of Cavinton and Trental, most patients showed favorable changes in hemodynamics, especially pronounced in the initial forms of CVP (Table 2).

In patients with NPNCM, stabilization of all REG parameters was observed (almost to the physiological norm). In the group of patients with TIA and MI, positive dynamics of the studied parameters were also revealed, more pronounced in the carotid region. In patients with OI, at the end of treatment, decreased blood supply in the vessels of both the affected and intact hemispheres increased; an increase in blood supply in the affected hemisphere of the brain led to a decrease in interhemispheric asymmetry. Our observations showed that Cavinton electrophoresis had a greater effect on the intensity of blood filling of large cerebral arteries due to their dilatation. Trental electrophoresis had a more pronounced effect on the condition of medium and small-caliber vessels - arterioles, capillaries, venules, leading to a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and a decrease in venous stagnation.

An evaluation of the EEG results showed that patients with CVP exhibit both general cerebral and focal changes in the bioelectrical activity of the brain. In pre-stroke forms of CVP, I - organized and II - conditionally pathological (hypersynchronous) EEG types predominate. With cerebral stroke, III - desynchronous and IV-V - disorganized types are more common.

After the course of treatment, positive dynamics of EEG indicators were recorded in all observed groups of patients, expressed in an increase in the overall level of brain biopotentials, a decrease in cerebral and local disorders. Particularly pronounced changes were noted in patients with NPNCM who took Cavinton electrophoresis - an increase in the average amplitude of the α-rhythm (from 28.4±1.9 to 56.2±0.3 μV; p

<0.001) and its index (from 30.7±4.2 to 58.8±2.1%;
p
<0.001).
When using trental electrophoresis, these indicators increased to a lesser extent - from 20.12±1.1 to 38.11±2.3 μV and from 35.02±1.9 to 52.27±1%; p
<0.01.
In patients with OI, therapy led to a narrowing of the focus of pathological activity, a decrease in the amplitude of slow waves, and an increase in the amplitude of the α rhythm in the affected hemisphere of the brain ( p
<0.01). According to spectral analysis, an increase in the energy of the α-rhythm and a decrease in the energy of slow waves were stated.

The results of hemorheological studies showed that in patients with CVP there are significant changes in the state of the plasma hemostasis and rheological parameters of the blood, the severity of which correlates with the severity of the disease. In 58.3% of patients with NPNCM, there was a tendency to increase the thrombogenic potential of the blood, which was confirmed by a shortening of the time of general coagulation tests (BC, BP, TPG), an increase in the concentration of fibrinogen, and a decrease in the fibrinolytic activity of the blood. A deterioration in blood fluidity parameters was revealed - viscosity, hematocrit, aggregation activity of erythrocytes, and their deformation properties. In patients with TIA and MI, disturbances in the hemostatic system were multidirectional: in 74% of patients there was an increase in the coagulating properties of the blood in combination with inhibition of fibrinolysis, in 26% of patients there was a decrease in both coagulation and anti-coagulation properties of the blood. In patients with OI, hemorheological disorders were more severe: the hypercoagulable state was accompanied by changes in other hemostasis systems, in particular in the fibrinolytic system, so they were more likely to have suppression of fibrinolysis (in 58% of patients) and blockade of fibrinolysis (in 34%). In 64.2% of patients, a syndrome of increased blood viscosity was detected, characterized by a simultaneous deterioration of all rheological parameters in combination with an increase in fibrinogen concentration.

In patients with NPNCM after a course of Cavinton electrophoresis, a significant increase in the time of coagulation tests was observed ( p

<0.001), decreased fibrinogen concentration (
p
<0.001), increased fibrinolytic activity of the blood (
p
<0.01).
Trental electrophoresis procedures led to more pronounced changes in the rheological properties of blood - a decrease in hematocrit and viscosity of whole blood ( p
<0.001), a decrease in the aggregation activity of erythrocytes (
p
<0.001), and an increase in their deformability (
p
<0.05).
In patients with PNMC and minor stroke, changes in hemorheological parameters had the same direction. The use of Cavinton electrophoresis had a more pronounced effect on the parameters of coagulation hemostasis. The course of trental electrophoresis significantly improved the rheological parameters of the blood ( p
<0.001). In patients with OI, the therapy also had a moderate hypocoagulating and hypoaggregating effect, which was confirmed by a decrease in the activity of plasma coagulation factors, a decrease in erythrocyte hyperaggregation, and correction of hemorheological disorders.

Summarizing the results of the studies, it can be noted that electrophoresis of Cavinton and Trental is effective both in pre-stroke forms (NPCI, TIA) and in ischemic stroke, and is well tolerated by patients. The use of these methods of therapy helps to reduce the severity of subjective and objective manifestations of the disease, improve cerebral hemodynamics and bioelectrical activity of the brain, and correct hemorheological disorders. In the implementation of the therapeutic effect, the main role is played by reducing the deficiency of blood supply to the vascular basins of the brain by improving the regulation of cerebral circulation, normalizing the tone of arterial and venous vessels. Improvement in hemorheological status is manifested by a decrease in hypercoagulation in the plasma part of hemostasis, an increase in fibrinolytic potential, as well as an improvement in the aggregative state of the blood.

Cavinton electrophoresis increases blood supply to large cerebral arteries due to their dilatation. The effect of trental electrophoresis is mediated at the level of the microvasculature of the brain by normalizing the tone of arterioles, capillaries, venules and improving the rheological properties of blood.

ELECTROPHORESIS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHILDREN

Medicinal electrophoresis is a method of electrotherapy, the therapeutic effect of which on the child’s body is due to the combined effect of a low-power direct electric current and a medicinal substance introduced into the skin with its help.
Electrophoresis is sometimes called “injections without a syringe.” The effect of the drug substance significantly prevails over the effect of electric current. When using the term “electrophoresis” it is combined with the name of the administered drug substance, for example: calcium electrophoresis, penicillin electrophoresis. In foreign terminology and in cosmetology, the term iontophoresis is used, which more accurately reflects the essence of this physiotherapeutic method. Medicinal electrophoresis is widely used in pediatrics, as it allows one to avoid injections that frighten children, and allows one to reduce the concentrations and doses of drugs, reducing their side effects and preventing allergic reactions. The targeting of medicinal effects and the creation of long-term medicinal depots are used in cosmetology, dermatology and dentistry.