Myelodysplasia of the lumbar spine in a child

Myelodysplasia is a congenital disease characterized by pathological changes in the spinal column and spinal cord. The pathology has many varieties and can occur in a mild degree without significant symptoms, but severe degrees of the disorder lead to serious health problems and disability. It can affect any part of the spinal column, but in 85% of cases it develops in the final part. How to recognize spinal-sacral myelodysplasia and can the disease be cured?

Myelodysplasia of the lumbosacral spine

Cervical spine dysplasia

Primary dysplasia of the cervical spine is the result of traumatic impact on the spinal column.
Most often, it forms after a compression fracture of the vertebral body or a crack in its spinous process. Secondary cervical dysplasia is a common complication of the degenerative dystrophic process in the cartilaginous tissues of the intervertebral discs. If a person develops osteochondrosis, then the height of the intervertebral discs gradually decreases. When moving, the vertebral bodies begin to touch each other. Keystone osteophytes form on their surface. They tend to merge with each other. This is the process of spinal dysplasia in the cervical region. As a result of the fusion of adjacent vertebrae, the neck loses its usual flexibility and mobility. It becomes difficult to tilt your head or turn it in one direction or another. Dysplasia of the cervical spine in children is almost always the result of congenital genetic disorders or birth trauma. When the cervical vertebrae are displaced during the passage of the birth canal, weakness of the baby's neck muscles occurs. If you do not actively massage this area during the first month of life, instability of the cervical vertebrae may persist. This is fraught with the fact that the process of assimilation of the first cervical vertebra (atlas) by the occipital bone may begin.

Also, spinal dysplasia in children may be associated with metabolic disorders. In the first place is vitamin D deficiency. In this case, rickets develops. This disease leads to the destruction and softening of bone tissue throughout the body. The lower extremities are the first to be affected. Following them, the spinal column bends. The process of dysplasia of the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs begins.

There are also types of dysplasia associated with negative heredity. In their presence, the baby lags significantly behind his peers in growth and physical development.

Dysplasia of the cervical spine in adults can develop when exposed to the following unfavorable factors:

• constant static muscle tension in the neck and collar area;
• incorrect posture and growth of the “widow’s mound” in the area of ​​the 6-7 cervical vertebrae;
• neck injuries;
• cervical myositis ossificans;
• osteochondrosis of the cervical spine and its complications, such as hernia, protrusion and extrusion of the disc.

If signs of cervical spine dysplasia appear, you should seek medical help as soon as possible.

How does myelodysplasia manifest in children and how to treat it?

Myelodysplasia - what is it? This term refers to underdevelopment of the spinal cord. The pathology is congenital; its appearance is facilitated by genetic predisposition.

Myelodysplasia in children is diagnosed quite often, and the disease has varying degrees of severity. Its mild forms give practically no symptoms; a person can live his whole life without knowing about the presence of the disease.

The first signs of myelodysplasia are detected during fetal development. Most experts believe that the cause of abnormalities in the structure of the spine and spinal cord is a failure in embryonic development. This defect is dangerous because it can impair the functions of the lower extremities and pelvic organs. Symptoms of myelodysplasia in children include:

• dislocations of the hip joints;
• clubfoot;
• hydrocephalus;
• enuresis;
• encopresis.

No less common are:

• pain syndrome localized in the back;
• decreased sensitivity;
• paresis of the lower and upper extremities.

Myelodysplasia can have quite dangerous consequences.

The disease negatively affects the formation of the skeleton, resulting in curvature of the spine, which in the early stages is almost invisible. Over time, the patient’s posture changes significantly (see photo), and the functions of internal organs are disrupted.

Often, developmental defects are of a combined nature. For example, myelodysplasia is combined with syringomegaly, cerebral palsy, skin diseases, nephroptosis or Arnold-Clark syndrome.

Underdevelopment of the lumbar region can have an open or closed form:

1. The first is characterized by the formation of meningeal and spinal cysts. They are easily diagnosed and treated surgically.
2. Latent myelodysplasia is considered more difficult to detect. Spinal cord lesions are mild in severity, so there are often no symptoms.

Diagnosis of myelodysplasia in children can be complicated by several factors. Suspicion of the presence of this pathology appears when obvious abnormalities of the spine and skin are detected, or in cases of dysfunction of the pelvic organs.

Children with myelodysplasia often experience urinary and fecal incontinence. Dysplasia of the sacral spinal cord contributes to this.

Certain parts of the spinal cord are responsible for the functioning of the excretory system, so their underdevelopment contributes to disruption of the processes of urine excretion.

These disorders are detected during electroneuromyography and x-ray examination of the lumbar region.

If these elements do not function correctly or are missing, a diagnosis of myelodysplasia is made. The treatment regimen will be selected taking into account the results of diagnostic procedures.

The method is chosen depending on the severity of the disease. Currently, medication, physiotherapeutic and surgical techniques are used.

Surgery is considered the most effective part of the therapeutic complex indicated for myelodysplasia. It not only stops the development of the pathological process, but also increases the effectiveness of treatment and prevents loss of ability to work.

The most effective physiotherapeutic procedures include:

1. Laser treatment of acupuncture points.
2. Electrical stimulation of the spinal cord. It improves the condition of nerve cells and promotes their restoration, normalizes blood supply to tissues and the bladder.
3. Epidural blocks are used to relieve pain.

Severe forms of myelodysplasia of the lumbosacral spine, which contribute to dysfunction of the pelvic organs, significantly worsen the patient’s quality of life.

Physiotherapeutic procedures have a beneficial effect on spinal circulation.

Urodynamic studies help the doctor decide on the possibility of complex therapy. With their help, contraindications to minimally invasive surgery are determined.

The specialist should pay special attention to the prevention of postoperative complications

Laser therapy is now successfully replacing drug treatment and significantly improves the patient’s general condition.

The prognosis for myelodysplasia is determined by the severity of the disorders caused by it. This disease must be treated immediately after detection.

Prevention consists of timely genetic examination of future parents and a responsible attitude towards planning and managing pregnancy.

Symptoms

In complex cases, myelodysplasia can be diagnosed immediately after birth or in utero using ultrasound, but sometimes it goes undetected until the patient develops certain signs and abnormalities. Symptoms of the pathology include:

• impairment of motor activity of the lower extremities, partial or complete (paresis, paralysis);
• sensitivity disorders of the skin and soft tissues over the affected area of ​​the spinal column - lack of response to high or low temperatures and other irritating factors;
• pain in the lumbosacral region;

Lower back pain

• muscle hypotonicity, which manifests itself as fatigue and weakness;
• decreased reflexes - depending on the form of the pathology, patients may lack different reflexes;
• curvature of the spinal column – scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis;
• gait disturbances, including clubfoot, lameness, etc.;
• dysfunction of the urinary system and digestive tract - most often enuresis or fecal incontinence, less often a tendency to constipation and increased gas formation;
• delays in physical and mental development;
• the appearance of trophic ulcers on the legs or back, which can fester, become inflamed and not heal for a long time.

Rachiocampsis

The severity of symptoms and the patient’s well-being depend on the characteristics of the clinical course of the disease. Mild forms can occur almost unnoticed by the child and his loved ones, and in some cases a person can live to adulthood without knowing that he is sick - the pathology is detected during routine examinations.

Prevention of myelodysplasia

The success of treatment, quality and life expectancy of patients depend on the form of the disease and the characteristics of the clinical course. Mild disorders, as a rule, are not accompanied by severe symptoms and pathological changes, so people with this diagnosis are practically no different from healthy people.

Paralysis is one of the possible complications

There is no specific prevention of lumbosacral myelodysplasia, therefore, to prevent the disease, it is necessary to adhere to general rules aimed at reducing the risk of developing congenital defects in the fetus during pregnancy:

• eat normally, eat foods containing vitamins and microelements;
• to refuse from bad habits;
• take special vitamin complexes for expectant mothers;
• do not use medications without consulting a doctor;
• attend antenatal clinics on time, take tests and follow medical recommendations;
• avoid factors that may contribute to impaired child development - ionizing radiation, exposure to heavy metals, infectious diseases.

You need to eat right during pregnancy

Myelodysplasia is a serious disease that can significantly worsen a child’s quality of life, and in severe cases, turn him into a disabled person for the rest of his life. To prevent the development of pathology in a child, parents need to take a responsible approach to the planning and course of pregnancy, and carefully monitor the child’s health from the first days of his life.

Symptoms

Therapy for myelodysplasia is aimed at improving motor activity and muscle tone, preventing possible complications, and, if necessary, social adaptation of the child and instilling self-care skills. For treatment, conservative or surgical techniques are used in combination with physiotherapy - the choice of treatment regimen and tactics depends on the clinical course of the pathology and the general condition of the patient.

Treatment of myelodysplasia

The following medications are used to treat lumbosacral myelodysplasia:

• medications to improve motor activity and the condition of peripheral muscles (“Neostigmine”, “Proserin”, “Physostigmine”);
• drugs to relieve muscle tension, which is observed with paresis of the lower extremities - “Baclofen”, “Cyclobenzaprine”;
  "Baclofen"
• neuroprotectors that promote the regeneration of damaged areas of the spinal cord (Citicoline, Cerebrolysin);
• B vitamins to activate metabolic processes in muscle tissue;
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics and antispasmodics - for pain;
• dehydration therapy with Diacarb and magnesium sulfate in combination with Asparkam is necessary in cases where myelodysplasia is accompanied by a deterioration in the outflow and accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

"Diakarb"

1. Physiotherapy. Electrophoresis, ultrasonic and magnetic effects, laser and ultrasound irradiation normalize microcirculation in the affected area, promote rapid tissue restoration, relieve pain and inflammation.
2. Physiotherapy.
   The purpose of physical therapy exercises is to improve motor function and strengthen the muscle corset. A set of exercises is selected individually for each patient and is performed under the supervision of an experienced specialist. The basic rule of exercise therapy is to perform exercises regularly for a month or more. Physiotherapy
3. Massage. Improves blood circulation in tissues, eliminates congestion, helps strengthen muscles and reduce hypertension.

Acupuncture and alternative treatments for myelodysplasia should be used with great caution, especially in young patients, otherwise serious deterioration of the condition may occur.

Myelodysplasia - what is it?

The term “myelodysplasia” refers to several pathologies of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems, each of which has its own signs and characteristics of the clinical course.

Spina Bifida is one of the lifelong spinal defects that primarily affects motor ability.

Table. Pathologies of the musculoskeletal and nervous system.

Osteophytes on bones

Myelodysplasia of the spine can be accompanied by several pathologies - for example, spina bifida in combination with rachischisis, and if the disease is represented by one disorder, then it is usually spina bifida.

Attention! The term "myelodysplasia" can refer not only to the nervous system and musculoskeletal system, but also to hematopoiesis. Myelodysplasia of the blood is an oncohematological pathology, and has nothing in common with myelodysplasia of the spine.

Myelodysplasia

What kind of disease is spondylodysplasia?

Spondylodysplasia, or Scheuermann-Mau disease, also called juvenile kyphosis, is a progressive disease, the main symptom of which is kyphotic curvature of the spine. It most often occurs in adolescents during puberty, but can also be diagnosed in children.

Initially, the symptoms are hidden, and only over time the first symptoms begin to appear - pain and stoop, which in severe cases leads to the development of a hump. Neurological complications may also be present.

In 30% of all patients with this disease, it is combined with scoliosis. Moreover, this is a fairly common pathology, which is detected in 1% of all children 8–12 years of age and older.

What is myelodysplasia and how is it treated?

The spinal cord is an organ of the central nervous system of vertebrates, located in the spinal canal. It is this organ that is responsible for performing the most important reflex functions.

Underdevelopment of the spinal cord, or myelodysplasia, is a serious congenital pathology that develops already at the embryonic stage.

Let's get acquainted with the disease, study the accompanying symptoms and consider treatment options.

What is myelodysplasia

Myelodysplasia - what is it? This is a pathology of the spinal cord, which occurs in the presence of a genetic predisposition and causes dysfunction of the pelvic organs and lower extremities. It is diagnosed and develops mainly in childhood.

This is a collective concept that unites a group of spinal cord defects that differ in their localization, degree of dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system and symptoms.

Drug therapy

When treating myelodysplasia, the patient must undergo drug therapy:

1. In the presence of paresis of the limbs, Proserin and Galantamine are prescribed. Their action is aimed at increasing the tone of the muscular system.
2. If the content of spinal exudate in the brain is higher than normal, then the course of therapy includes dehydration drugs - Diacarb and magnesium sulfate.
3. It is also necessary to monitor the amount of potassium in the body. For this, the patient is prescribed Asparkam.
4. To regulate the activity of the central nervous system, Cerebrolysin or Piracetam are prescribed.

Traditional methods of treatment

Unfortunately, no folk remedies can help the patient in the fight against myelodysplasia, since the disease is too serious and can only be treated by professional therapy.

Surgical intervention

Surgery is the most effective treatment for myelodysplasia. As a rule, it is required in the presence of congenital disorders or if it is necessary to eliminate an intervertebral hernia. Surgery is inevitable if the spinal membranes are ruptured and cause heavy bleeding.

Surgical intervention stops the pathological process and prevents disability.

However, when choosing the type of treatment for myelodysplasia, it is necessary to take into account the long recovery period after surgery. The duration of this period cannot be accurately determined, since it occurs differently in each patient. To shorten this stage, the patient must listen to the recommendations of specialists and strictly adhere to them.

Physiotherapy

Physical therapy significantly improves the condition of a patient suffering from myelodysplasia. However, you should not expect instant results. Often, complete recovery does not occur. For recovery, in addition to physical therapy, drug treatment is necessary.

The doctor selects an individual set of exercises for each patient, which depends on the severity of the pathology. Basic physical therapy exercises:

1. Standing, the patient raises his arms up and clasps them, then moves his right leg back. Taking the starting position again, he does the same with his left leg. So eight times.
2. With feet shoulder-width apart, the patient bends forward so as to touch the floor. Repeats the exercise 7 times.
3. Taking a kneeling position and placing his hands behind his head, the patient makes two springy turns of the body to the right and then to the left. So 4 times.

Important! To avoid complications, you must follow all medical instructions and remember to be careful. If you experience severe pain while performing any exercise, you should immediately consult a specialist.

Physiotherapeutic procedures

Physiotherapeutic procedures are an integral part of activities aimed at treating myelodysplasia.

The most effective and often recommended include:

• laser treatment of acupuncture points;
• electrical stimulation of the spinal cord;
• epidural blocks to prevent pain.

To determine the effectiveness of the treatment process, the attending physician relies on a number of indicators:

• no problems with the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid;
• full development of the child’s body;
• restoration of muscle volume and tone;
• improvement of strength indicators and muscle trophism;
• stabilization of the pelvic organs.

Causes and risk factors

The exact reasons for the development of lumbar myelodysplasia are unknown - doctors believe that the pathology may be associated with malfunctions that occur in the fetus during the development of the nervous system and spine:

• genetic mutations of the germ cells of the mother or father can be either spontaneous or hereditary (occurs in 20-25% of patients);
• the negative impact of various factors on the body of the expectant mother and child in the first trimester of pregnancy, during which the formation of most organs occurs.

Genetic mutations are one of the possible causes

Sometimes genetic mutations are accompanied by an adverse effect on the body of the expectant mother, as a result of which the child develops myelodysplasia and other serious disorders. At risk are children of women with chronic diseases, mothers over 30 years of age, as well as pregnant women who live in regions with poor ecology.

An alarming sign for future parents may be an aggravated pregnancy - according to statistics, problems with bearing a child, especially in the first trimester, are observed in 70% of cases of myelodysplasia. The greatest danger is posed by intrauterine infections, vitamin deficiency, and exposure to drugs with teratogenic effects .

Intrauterine infections

Eliminating the symptoms of lumbosacral osteochondrosis with exercises

For more successful treatment of spinal pathology, it is necessary to strengthen the muscles of the back, buttocks and thighs. To do this you need to know and perform therapeutic exercises. Before performing exercise therapy, a person must visit a neurologist, who will correct the set of exercises. In some cases of osteochondrosis, exercise therapy is strictly prohibited. Sometimes you can only do certain exercises.

Therapeutic physical training complexes are divided into three groups:

• Exercises for the first stage of the acute phase, that is, with severe pain.
• Exercises for the second stage of acute pain, pain relief.
• Exercise during remission.

When performing exercise therapy, you cannot mix exercises from different groups; you must strictly follow the prescribed complex. The patient should not feel pain when moving: if there is pain, then it is necessary to abandon this exercise or reduce the range of motion.

Requirements for performing exercises for lumbosacral osteochondrosis:

• Exercise therapy should be performed every day;
• when performing exercises, you need to concentrate on the work of the muscles, do everything in a slow mode;
• monitor your breathing;
• consult a doctor.

By performing comprehensive treatment of spinal pathology, it is possible to minimize the occurrence of periods of exacerbation of the disease.

Prices for treatment of myelodysplasia in Israel

The cost is determined by many parameters: doctor, clinic, equipment, tests, etc. - therefore, you can find out the final price only upon request, on the basis of which you will receive an individual treatment plan. If you have already received a medical program, then based on the price list of the Israeli Ministry of Health, you can check the compliance of the prices received with the official ones.

We provide treatment in leading medical centers in Israel at prices corresponding to the Ministry's price list, providing the opportunity to pay directly to the cash desk of the medical institution.

COST OF BASIC INVESTIGATION PROGRAM

Order a doctor's consultation

Deformation and other developmental anomalies of the sacrum

The sacrum is the part of the spine located between the lower back and the tailbone. Unlike the rest of its parts located above, it is completely motionless, looks like a massive triangular bone formed by five fused large vertebrae. The structure of the sacrum in women and men has some differences: the female sacrum is wider and less curved than the male one. This segment of the spinal column bears a large load when moving and in a sitting position, therefore, if there are any anomalies of the sacrum, pain occurs in this area. In some cases, such defects do not manifest themselves with any external symptoms.

Question answer

What kind of pain occurs with this type of osteochondrosis?

Osteochondrosis of the lumbar region is characterized by several types of pain. First of all, these are localized unpleasant sensations in the lumbar region, which continue over a long period of time and significantly intensify with an increase in a person’s motor activity and physical labor. This type of pain disappears if the body is placed in a horizontal position for at least 15–20 minutes.

If the disease worsens due to hypothermia, prolonged heavy physiological stress, or sudden “twisting” movements, then in addition to the above-mentioned background pain, a “shooting” effect also occurs, localized in the pelvic area and radiating to the lower extremities.

Is gymnastics useful for this osteochondrosis?

Therapeutic exercise therapy allows you to consolidate the good effect of complex therapy for the disease, partially develop the intervertebral components of the joints, and also relax/train the muscles in the lumbar region. In addition, proper regular massages help get rid of the unpleasant pain that accompanies osteochondrosis.

A specific set and list of exercises, the number of approaches and frequency of exercises will be developed for you by your attending physician: he will take into account the current stage of the disease, a possible list of contraindications and restrictions, the patient’s condition and will recommend methods for using exercise therapy in practice.

{SOURCE}

Leading spinal surgeons in Israel

Click to see a doctor

Symptoms and diagnosis of lumbar myelopathy

Each type of disease has individual symptoms, but there is also a general clinical picture that indicates the presence of this somatic syndrome:

• Numbness of the legs, up to paralysis.
• The occurrence of lumbodynia or pain in certain places.
• Feeling of weakness and failures in thermoregulation.
• Irradiation of pain through internal organs.
• Disorders of the pelvic organs.
• Disturbances in the musculoskeletal system (changes in gait, lameness, etc.).
• Regular spasm of the muscular corset with limited range of motion of the lower back, etc.

The appearance of any symptoms indicates the possible development of the disease, so they cannot be ignored. The sooner treatment begins, the greater the likelihood of stopping the pathological process and restoring the body.

A simple examination is not enough to confirm the diagnosis. The patient needs to undergo a lot of tests and diagnostic studies. In a hospital setting, the inflammatory process is determined (blood tests for biochemistry). This will also show the presence of infectious diseases that could lead to pathology. After this, instrumental studies are carried out:

• Cardiogram;
• CT scan;
• Radiography;
• Determination of bone mineralization density;
• Fluorography;
• MRI.

If a specialist suspects the presence of neoplasms, then a biopsy or culture of cerebrospinal fluid is added to the studies.

Diagnostic methods

At the first signs of lumbar myelodysplasia, patients are prescribed a comprehensive diagnosis, which includes several types of laboratory and instrumental studies.

1. Magnetic resonance imaging. The most effective method for identifying abnormalities of the spinal cord and spinal column at any stage.

   
   Magnetic resonance imaging

2. Radiography . Prescribed for the diagnosis of kyphosis, scoliosis and other pathologies that accompany lumbar myelodysplasia.
3. Neurosonography . The method is based on ultrasound examination of the brain to exclude a common complication of spinal pathologies – hydrocephalus.
4. Electroneuromyography . Allows you to assess the degree of damage to nerve and muscle structures by recording electrical impulses.
5. Ultrasound of internal organs . Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity and genitourinary system is carried out in case of disorders of excretory function, as well as to assess the condition of organs that may be involved in the pathological process.

Electroneuromyography

Important! Children with suspected lumbosacral myelodysplasia, regardless of the primary diagnosis, need to be diagnosed regularly - the disease can occur in a latent form (without visible changes), but at the same time progress rapidly.

Features of dysplasia

Dysplasia is a congenital deviation of the vertebrae from the normal structure, type and, in some cases, quantity. Pathology can spread to any part of the spine.

The first manifestations of the disease can be detected after birth or in adolescence. Dysplasia can be detected by a common factor - underdeveloped bones of the spine, which leads to disproportionate body sizes of the child. If you compare the torso and limbs, the latter look much longer.

Spinal dysplasia is any abnormality in the development of the spine.

Slow growth leads to:

• change in the location of the spine;
• pathologies of vital organs.

Using X-rays, the doctor can determine from the external data of the vertebra how much they have changed and whether the spinal column has become denser.

Prevention of lumbar osteochondrosis

After undergoing complex treatment and physical procedures, maintenance therapy is necessary for a long period of time: during this period, the spine is still weakened and requires support. In addition, prevention is intended to prevent the occurrence of lumbar osteochondrosis. Main events:

Regular, balanced exercise, preferably under the supervision of a qualified podiatrist. Normalization of body weight: quite often the aggravating factor influencing the formation of osteochondrosis is a person’s excess weight. Correction of diet. It is necessary to include foods rich in elements such as calcium and magnesium in your regular diet. At the same time, it is worth excluding foods that are too fatty and unhealthy, as well as other foods that do not fall under the definition of healthy food. Rejection of bad habits. Alcohol and smoking enhance all destructive processes in the body, this also applies to the occurrence of osteochondrosis. Correct posture. Be sure to watch your posture, especially if your work involves constant presence at the computer or other sedentary activities

Also pay attention to your child - how and for how long he sits. Normal correct posture will allow you to prevent the occurrence of scoliosis and, accordingly, osteochondrosis in the future. Using the right shoes, clothing and accessories, and not regularly carrying heavy objects

Wrong shoes, a heavy bitch on the shoulder, working as a loader - all these factors sometimes have a decisive influence on the beginning of the formation of destructive processes in the spine.

How to recognize myelodysplasia in the early stages

Diagnosing myelodysplasia in newborns and infants is quite difficult, especially if there are no obvious signs. Parents need to pay attention to any changes in the child’s condition, and if there are any alarming symptoms, immediately consult a doctor. A characteristic sign of myelodysplasia of the lumbosacral region, which is observed in almost 100% of patients, is fecal and urinary incontinence, and less often a tendency to constipation and severe gas formation. If uncontrolled bowel and bladder emptying is observed in a child who, by age, should already be able to independently control the body’s excretory functions, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Urinary incontinence is one of the characteristic symptoms

Treatment of dysplasia

Treatment of pathologies of the pelvis, knees and elbows is very difficult and requires special skills. No special treatment methods have been identified. When a disease is detected in an infant, no special effort is required to straighten the hips and pelvis to their original position. After this, the joints continue to develop normally, and the disease no longer makes itself felt. For preventative purposes, you can sign up for tight swaddling and massage.

If dysplasia is detected in a child a couple of months after his birth, it is worth resorting to correction of the displaced pelvic joint. Preference is given to wide swaddling or a special spacer. Tight swaddling involves placing the legs in an abducted position. This method is relevant for a child up to 4 months. After time, the pelvic joint returns to its original position. If the correct diagnosis is made in time using x-rays or tomography, dysplasia can be cured. If the disease is detected before six months, the baby should wear a universal device - Pavlik stirrups. With its help, you can strengthen and fix ligaments and joints in the desired position.

If no positive changes are observed, the next step is surgery. Surgery is performed to restore the normal position of the deformed area. The orthopedist thus eliminates defects in the problem area. Upon completion of the operation, plaster is applied to facilitate faster and more effective restoration of the damaged area. Children aged 2 years undergo general anesthesia. In this case, it is also assumed that plaster will be used after the operation. During the entire rehabilitation period, the child should wear a corset.

When the child is more than six months old, tight and wide swaddling, the use of a corset will not bring a positive result. Such methods are no longer effective. A child over six months old needs treatment by applying plaster to the limbs according to the Ter-Egiazarov method. Spacers are placed on the knees. After a while, when muscle tone is reduced and the joints have reached the required degree of straightening, you can move on to wider spacers.

If spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis are congenital, dysplastic scoliosis often appears. If its development is in its initial stages, doctors consider conservative approaches:

• therapeutic exercises using physical exercises;
• gradual stretching of the spinal column;
• strengthening the back muscles;
• massage.

A visit to the pool will also not hurt if you have dysplastic scoliosis.

With active progression of the disease, the patient is supposed to wear a brace, go for a massage, and engage in physical activity. The use of electrical stimulation is possible.

Pathological disorders of the spine provoke the appearance of related problems, which may require additional treatment with drugs. In this case, we are talking about an integrated approach to treating the disease.