Nutrition for arthrosis of the knee joint - what can and cannot be eaten?

General rules

Joint pathology is a fairly broad group of diseases of various etiologies, occurring with various clinical manifestations ( arthritis , arthrosis , spondylosis , osteochondrosis ) and varying degrees of inflammatory and degenerative changes.
In the absence of timely treatment, the function of the articular joint may be impaired, up to its complete loss and disability of the patient. Diet for joint disease is an important component of the treatment process. Diet therapy is aimed at reducing body weight, reducing inflammation in the joints and increasing the immune status of the body. Despite the peculiarities of therapeutic nutrition for each specific joint disease, general principles of dietary nutrition can be identified:

• The diet should be balanced with a reduced calorie content by limiting mainly simple carbohydrates and to a lesser extent fats. The reduced calorie intake is due to the need to reduce body weight in order to reduce the load on the joints.
• The consumption of table salt, which contributes to fluid retention in the body and negatively affects inflammatory processes, is reduced as much as possible.
• Meals are divided into 5-6 meals per day.
• Increased consumption of free fluid (at the level of 2-2.5 l/day).
• Culinary processing - mainly boiling foods. Vegetables must be boiled well.

A diet for diseased joints involves limiting (and during periods of exacerbation - completely excluding) spicy and salty foods from the diet, as well as dishes with a large amount of extractive substances (fried foods, canned food, chocolate, strong broths), alcohol-containing drinks, strong coffee and tea . In case of joint disease, it is advisable to exclude from the diet any pickles, smoked meats, marinades, hot spices and seasonings, with the exception of turmeric and ginger (in the absence of an allergic reaction), which reduce the inflammatory process in the joints. The consumption of animals and other refractory fats is limited.

The diet must contain fatty acids ( omega-3 ), the maximum amount of which is contained in flaxseed oil and fatty varieties of sea fish. Plants of the nightshade family - tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, sweet peppers - can have a negative effect on the condition of patients with arthritis. If you notice a deterioration in your health after eating these foods, eliminate them from your diet.

Jellied meat is good for sore joints

It is especially useful for the joints and spine to consume foods rich in mucopolysaccharides (cartilage, chicken/pork legs), gelatin in the form of jellied meat, aspic, fruit jelly, which normalize the function of the joints and the composition of the synovial fluid.

Nutrition for joint diseases of infectious-allergic origin requires the exclusion from the diet of foods that cause an allergic reaction and exacerbation of the disease. If the patient does not have an allergic profile, the most common food allergens are excluded: chocolate, citrus fruits, seafood (crayfish, crabs, oysters), chicken eggs, hot spices and seasonings.

For gouty arthritis Diet No. 6 is prescribed , in which foods rich in purine bases (red meat, fatty fish, offal, sardines, legumes, spices and spices, chocolate, tea, coffee) and oxalic acid (rhubarb, sorrel) are excluded from the diet , radishes). The diet includes foods that alkalize the blood (milk, vegetables/fruits). For gouty arthritis, especially during an exacerbation, it is recommended to eat predominantly vegetarian food with a small amount of dietary meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey, boiled fish.

An important component of therapeutic nutrition for joint diseases are fasting days (1-2 times a week). It is recommended to use protein or carbohydrate fasting days. Particularly effective:

• kefir day (up to 1.5-2 liters of kefir per day, 200–250 ml per dose);
• milk day (1 liter of milk and 200 g of cottage cheese is taken in 5-6 doses);
• cottage cheese day (500 g low-fat cottage cheese, 2 glasses of milk, 100–150 g each in 4 doses);
• fruit and vegetable day (up to 1.5 kg of vegetables or fruits and 2 glasses of unsweetened rose hip decoction).

Prohibited foods for arthrosis

Although research on the benefits or harms of certain foods for arthrosis is still underway, scientists are already warning about foods that can increase inflammation and pain in the joints, complicate the course of the disease and even accelerate its progress.

Not all foods for arthrosis should be eaten.

So, for diseases of the musculoskeletal system, it is important to exclude from the diet:

1. Simple sugars - baked goods, bread made from 1st grade flour, sweet drinks, potatoes, fast food and semi-finished products. These foods contribute to weight gain—and extra pounds put stress on your joints.
2. For the same reason, salty foods and marinades are considered harmful foods for arthrosis. Excess salt in the diet causes the body to begin to accumulate water (hence edema). An increase in body weight inevitably aggravates arthrosis - the disease progresses 2-3 times faster. Also, salt in large quantities can provoke metabolic disorders - one of the prerequisites for arthrosis.
3. Fried foods should also be limited in intake - this is a source of excess calories, saturated fats and even carcinogens. The diet for arthrosis of the joints should include boiled, stewed, baked and steamed foods.
4. Alcohol is generally prohibited for arthrosis. However, drinking red wine (for example, Cahors) in small quantities is not prohibited. First of all, you should avoid champagne and strong alcohol.

There is good news for coffee lovers: you can afford 2-3 cups a day. True, only a natural drink made from whole coffee beans, and not freeze-dried coffee or a “mixture” from a bag. In moderation, coffee is even beneficial for arthrosis - it has an antioxidant effect, improves metabolism, and promotes physical activity.

Authorized Products

The diet should include predominantly vegetarian or borscht and soups prepared in weak meat/fish broths with the addition of a small amount of cereals. For main courses, you can use low-fat varieties of red meat or dietary chicken, turkey and rabbit, preferably boiled or baked. Fish, mostly lean, both sea and river.

Fats: are introduced into the diet in the form of vegetable oils (linseed, olive) and unsalted butter. Dishes from cereals are not limited. The diet must include fermented milk products, low-fat cottage cheese and dishes made from it, unsalted cheeses, and low-fat milk. You can include soft-boiled eggs or an omelet (no more than one per day). White and black bread and crackers are allowed.

The consumption of vegetables and fruits in the form of vinaigrette and salads dressed with vegetable oil is recommended. Sweets in the diet may include marshmallows, marshmallows, non-chocolate candies, marmalade, and jam. Drinking: vegetable/fruit juices, weak green tea, compotes and fruit drinks, decoctions of wheat bran, chicory, rose hips, kvass, as well as weakly mineralized non-carbonated alkaline mineral waters.

Table of permitted products

Useful menu

Useful products for arthrosis of the knee include:

• Lean meat, poultry, fish;
• Soups and broths;
• Fermented milk products. Like meat, such products contain protein necessary for the regeneration of joint cartilage tissue. But the fat content of cottage cheese, kefir or yogurt should not exceed 3.2%;
• Eggs (chicken, quail) – 2-3 per day;
• Jellied meat - contains collagen and chondroitin, necessary for cartilage health;
• Nuts (almonds, cashews, hazelnuts, pine or walnuts), bran, unrefined grains, vegetable oil - are rich in vitamin E, necessary for cellular metabolism;
• Cereals (millet, rice, buckwheat), bread and pasta from durum wheat - supply the body with complex carbohydrates necessary for the production of synovial fluid;
• Fresh vegetables and fruits contain plant fiber and vitamins that provide complete nutrition to bone tissue. The most useful are dill, lettuce, parsley, green onions, spinach, cilantro, beans, green peas, radishes, broccoli, cucumbers, zucchini, carrots, pumpkin, celery and spinach. Many doctors include sprouted wheat grains in the diet. Potatoes are best baked or boiled. Fruits and berries can be eaten raw or in the form of jelly with the addition of fructose. The healthiest fruits and berries. Containing a large amount of pectin. These are apples, grapefruit, black and red currants;
• It is recommended to drink non-carbonated mineral water, fresh juices, jelly, compotes and fruit drinks. Freshly squeezed juice can be diluted with purified water. Fresh pomegranate relieves inflammation during exacerbation of knee arthrosis. Herbal teas and hibiscus are also useful.

Gonarthrosis is a chronic disease characterized by periodic exacerbations. A special diet can quickly relieve inflammation and pain, as well as reduce the number of exacerbations of the disease. Also, to relieve unpleasant symptoms during exacerbation of arthrosis of the knees, a course of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), which negatively affect the gastrointestinal mucosa, is prescribed. And following a diet can reduce the negative effects of medications and restore normal functioning of the stomach and intestines. When arthrosis of the knee worsens, a more restrictive diet is prescribed. It excludes the use of strong meat broths, fish soup, pickles and marinades, spices and herbs, as well as legumes. These products provoke the development of dyspeptic symptoms and increase the level of stomach acidity. What can lead to the development of gastritis or

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Fully or partially limited products

Nutrition for joint diseases involves the exclusion of red meats (pork, beef) and all types of offal (liver, brains, tongue), as well as their processed products - semi-finished meat products, ham, sausages, ham. It is not allowed to include any pickled, smoked, canned or salted foods into the diet. You cannot use hydrogenated products (margarine, mayonnaise), animal fat or cooking fat in your diet. Plant products of the nightshade family are excluded - potatoes, tomatoes and all tomato products and sauces, eggplants, bell peppers, all types of peppers, paprika, seasonings and spices.

It is not recommended to include products made from premium flour, yeast and starch-containing products, coffee, confectionery, cocoa, and chocolate into the diet. It is prohibited to consume crustaceans and seafood (crabs, shrimp, squid, oysters, mussels), seasonings based on them, anchovies, and red caviar. It is prohibited to include legumes, vinegar, whole milk and fatty dairy products, sugar, various types of snacks, and alcohol-containing drinks in your diet. Fruits not recommended are grapes, plums, pomegranates, citrus fruits, and avocados. Berries: strawberries, currants, strawberries, raspberries.

Table of prohibited products

Reviews and results

As medical practice and evidence from most patients shows, therapeutic nutrition for joint diseases is an effective component of the treatment process.

• “... I have been suffering from gout for more than 20 years, and almost every year in the spring I have an exacerbation. Therefore, for me, nutrition for leg joint disease is a pressing problem. After various experiments with the diet, I came to the conclusion that a vegetarian diet with fasting days on kefir and a gradual expansion of the diet to include dietary meat is optimal”;
• “... I do weightlifting at a fairly serious level. However, last year I was forced to miss a number of competitions due to problems with my shoulder joints, which did not allow me to gain the athletic shape I needed. To solve this problem, I use sports nutrition for joints, which helps strengthen ligaments and joints. For this purpose, on the recommendation of specialists, I take Arthro-Active tablets. The nutrition of the joints has improved significantly, the pain has disappeared, and it has become possible to train normally. Before the competition, to insure and consolidate the positive effect of Arto-Active, it was recommended to drink the biological supplement MSM Flex for a month.”