Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics.
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO has anti-inflammatory, local analgesic and anti-edematous effects. The anti-inflammatory effect is based on several pharmacological effects, the main of which is the inactivation of hydroxyl radicals, which during inflammation are formed in large quantities and lead to tissue destruction.
DMSO has a local analgesic effect by reducing the speed of excitatory impulses in peripheral neurons. The anti-edematous effect is explained by the inactivation of hydroxyl radicals and the resulting improvement in metabolic processes at the site of inflammation. The hygroscopic properties of DMSO are also partly responsible for this.
Heparin. Heparin competitively inhibits the activity of hyaluronidase, which, in turn, prevents excessive degeneration of connective tissue during inflammation. Thus, heparin has an anti-inflammatory effect and promotes healing. In addition, heparin has a dose-dependent antithrombotic effect, significantly increasing the inhibitory effect of antithrombin III on the activation of prothrombin and thrombin.
Dexpanthenol. When applied topically, dexpanthenol is converted in the skin into pantothenic acid, a B vitamin. Dexpanthenol has the same biological effectiveness as pantothenic acid. Pantothenic acid, which is part of coenzyme A, enters various formation and breakdown reactions in all tissues and promotes regeneration processes during wound healing and epithelization.
Pharmacokinetics
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO is present in human plasma as a natural substance at a concentration of about 40 ng/ml. After a single application of 1.5 g of Dolobene gel to a skin surface area of 400 cm2, DMSO is absorbed with a half-life of 3–4 hours. 6 hours after application, the concentration in the blood plasma reaches a plateau (about 120 ng/ml), and remains at this level until 12 hours after application. T½ of DMSO from blood plasma is 11–14 hours. 60 hours after application, endogenous concentration in blood plasma is again achieved.
12–25% of DMSO is excreted within the first 24 hours and 37–48% within 7 days in the urine either unchanged as DMSO or as the main metabolite, dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2). 3.5–6% of the total DMSO dose is exhaled by the lungs within 6–12 hours after application as dimethyl sulfide (DMS).
Heparin. The penetration of heparin through healthy skin is dose dependent and has been confirmed for dosages of 300 IU/h.
There are no pharmacokinetic data for heparin after application to the skin.
Dexpanthenol. Dexpanthenol is absorbed faster than pantothenic acid. The rapid absorption of dexpanthenol has been confirmed experimentally.
Comparison of anti-inflammatory creams/gels
Anti-inflammatory creams and gels are most widely used in sports, where there is always a risk of bruises, sprains, injuries and damage (including internal ones).
In strength sports - bodybuilding, powerlifting, weightlifting, arm wrestling, kettlebell lifting - their significance is even higher than “on average”, because Working with weights poses an even greater risk of injury.
The shoulder, elbow, and knee joints are particularly affected.
There are a lot of different anti-inflammatory gels and ointments: DICLAC, Diclofinac, Dolobene, Viprosal, Apizartron, Virapin, Fastum, Glucosamine/Chondroitin, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Picaryl-liniment, Neo-capsiderm, Percluson, Pulmotin, Raymon-gel, Myoton, Nise- gel, Lidocaine, Ketonal... Let's look at these and other drugs in more detail (we won't dwell on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties - all gels and ointments have them, let's agree that if this is the main effect, put a dash).
Table of anti-inflammatory creams/gels
Name of gels/ointments Active component Action Scope of application
| Analgos | vasodilators | increased blood flow, accelerated metabolism, vasodilation | muscle and joint pain, muscle and ligament injuries |
| Anesthetic fluid | menthol, anesthesin, novocaine, alcohol | – | bruises, sprains of the bursa-ligamentous apparatus |
| Apizartron | apitoxin (bee venom), mustard and essential oil, methyl salicylate | increasing the elasticity of connective tissue, activating metabolism, decreasing muscle tone, increasing blood flow, reducing pain | bruises |
| Ben-Gay | methyl salicylate, menthol | – | muscle pain, fatigue after exercise |
| Bom Benguet | methyl salicylate, menthol, petroleum jelly | – | muscle pain, fatigue after exercise |
| Bystrumgel | ketoprofen | – | inflammation and injury to muscles, ligaments, joints, bruises, damage to the knee menix, lumbago |
| Venoruton-gel | rutoside | cooling, relieving the feeling of muscle tension | acute injuries, bruises, swelling |
| Vesima | plant extracts | – | injuries and various diseases |
| Vipratox | methyl salicylate, camphor, snake venoms | – | myositis, hyperatritis, bruises, damage to the bursa-ligamentous apparatus |
| Viprosal | viper poison, camphor, salicylic acid, fir oil, paraffin, glycerin | – | myositis |
| Virapin | bee venom | – | bruises, myositis |
| Voltaren®Emulgel | diclofenac | – | lesions of synovial membranes, tendons, all soft tissue diseases associated with overload, dislocations, sprains, damage to the capsular ligamentous apparatus of joints |
| Gevkamen | menthol, clove, mustard, eucalyptus oils | dilation of blood vessels, increased blood flow in the skin and subcutaneous layers | myalgia and arthralgia |
| Hemorides | adrenaline, camphor, menthol, procaine | – | haemorrhoids |
| Heparin ointment | heparin sodium or heparoid | dilates blood vessels | swelling, inflammation |
| Heparoid | heparoid, heparin | dilates blood vessels | bruises and inflammations |
| Gymnastogal | hydroxine, methoxybenzyl, methyltrans, amide nonyl acid, nicotinic acid benzyl ester | warms | bruises, sprains of the bursa-ligamentous apparatus, lumbago, myositis |
| Glucosamine/Chondroitin | glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates | connective tissue nutrition | damage and injury to tendons and ligaments |
| DICLAC | diclofenac sodium | – | lumbago, inflammatory joint diseases |
| Diclofinac | diclofenac sodium | – | similarly |
| Dolbene | dimethyl sulfoxide, dexpanthenol, heparin | anti-exudative effect, regeneration of damaged tissues, normalization of metabolic processes | hematomas, inflammation of tendons, soft tissues, muscles, ligaments, tendon sheaths after bruises, compression, grass, periarthritis, tennis elbow (shoulder epicondylitis), bursitis |
| Ibuprofen | ibuprofen | decrease in fever | inflammation in the musculoskeletal system |
| Indovazin | indomethacin and troxevasin | reducing capillary permeability, improving circulation in damaged tissues, reducing post-traumatic edema | traumatic hematomas |
| Indomethacin | indomethacin | – | traumatic hematomas |
| Camphocin | methyl salicylate, salicylic acid, turpentine, castor oil | – | – |
| Capsitrine | 20% ammonia solution, 60% ethyl alcohol, tinctures of capsicum and St. John's wort | – | – |
| Capsoderm | capsacin, camphor | hypermia | lumbago, myotises, sprains, muscle pain, bursitis |
| Pepper-camphor liniment | tincture of camphor and capsicum alcohol | – | bruises, lumbago, myositis |
| Liniment compound pepper | Capsicum tincture, ethyl alcohol, green soap | – | bruises, lumbago, myositis |
| Mellivenon | bee venom, chloroform | strong heating, tissue hyperemia | lumbago, myositis, muscle pain, periatritis |
| Menovazin | menthol, anesthesin, novocaine and ethyl alcohol | – | myalgia and artlargia |
| Menthol ointment | menthol, methyl salicylate, yellow wax, lonaline anhydrous | – | bruises, lumbago, myositis |
| Methyl salicylate | methyl salicylate | – | lumbago, myositis |
| Myoton | medicinal oils and plants | increasing blood flow, relieving muscle fatigue, warming up | inflammation, tendon and muscle injuries |
| Navtalgin | analgin, naftalan oil, mixture of fatty acids of sperm whale oil, methyl salicylate | – | muscle pain, inflammation |
| Nise-gel | potassium phosphate, nimesulide, propylene glycol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, thimerosal, isopropanol, carbomer-940, | macrogol, butylated hydroxyanisole | inflammation and inflammatory damage to tendons and ligaments, lumbago, muscle pain |
| Neo-capsiderm | camphor and various oils | – | lumbago, bruises, sprains |
| Nikoven | heparinoid, benzylnicotine | – | hematomas, bruises, sprains |
| Nicoflex | capsacin, ethyl glycol salicylate, ethyl nicotinate, lavender oil | – | bruises, cramps, muscle pain |
| Picaryl-liniment | benzylnicotine, chloroform | – | ligament and tendon injuries, myositis, lumbago |
| Reonevrol | methyl salicylate, camphor | – | myositis |
| Reparil-gel | heparin, horse chestnut, salicylic acids | cooling, removing excess water, reducing swelling | inflammation and swelling |
| Richtofit-sport | oils and plant extracts | acceleration of regeneration, muscle relaxation | bruises, myositis, sprains |
| Sanitas | methyl salicylate, petroleum jelly or lard, camphor, eucalyptus or lemon balm oil | – | myositis |
| Fastum | ketoprofen | – | damage to ligaments, joints, tendons, muscles |
The properties of all ointments are determined by the active components included in their composition. For example, bee and snake venoms, pepper extract and, to a lesser extent, methyl salicylate make the ointment warming. Such ointments are used a few days after injury, because The damaged area cannot be heated at this time. They can be used before training or competitions, but their use slows down tissue regeneration, so no pain, no gain.
Cooling ointments only create a cooling sensation. This effect is achieved through methanol, analgesics, essential oils, alcohol and anticoagulants. They should be used immediately after injury. As a rule, such gels and ointments are not rubbed in, but are simply applied to the damaged area and left to await complete absorption.
Almost all gels and ointments contain one or more of the following components in varying concentrations:
- diclofenac
- ibuprofen
- indomethacin
- ketoprofen
- Methyl salicylate.
When choosing a specific gel, it is also necessary to take into account the fact that its composition can cause an allergic reaction.
Source: //IronZen.org/system/traumas/1063-sravnenie-protivovospalitelnyh-kremovgeley.html
Application
The gel is applied in a thin layer (for example, a column of gel 3 cm long is applied to an area the size of which corresponds to the projection of the knee joint) on the affected areas and/or around them (for abrasions), evenly distributed over the surface of the skin with light rubbing movements 2-4 times a day. When applying dressings with dolobene gel, a breathable dressing material is used only after most of the gel has penetrated into the skin and the alcohol contained in the preparation has evaporated (several minutes). when using iontophoresis, the gel is applied under the cathode, taking into account the anionic properties of heparin, which is part of the dolobene. during phonophoresis, the drug, due to its good contact properties and content of active substances, complements the physiotherapeutic effect of ultrasonic waves. The duration of treatment for dolobene is individual and depends on the severity of the disease, as well as on the effectiveness of therapy.
Analogues of Dolobene gel on the Russian medical drugs market
Many will agree that a good analogue can be more effective than the original, but when choosing such products, one must take into account that they come in:
- with the same composition;
- similar in composition;
- having the same active ingredient;
- identical in purpose.
Don't want to overpay? The table below will help you understand the existing analogues of Russian and foreign production.
Diclofenac gel (Russia)
- The base is diclofenac, additional components are lavender oil, vitamins.
- Relieves pain from injuries and sprains, helps reduce inflammation and speed up regeneration.
Comfrey ointment (Russia)
- The base is larkspur (comfrey). Chondroitin, vitamins and essential oils complement its strength.
- Perfectly heals, relieves pain and inflammation, promotes restoration of cartilage and joints, improves metabolism.
Side effects
From the immune system: allergic skin reactions; in some cases, immediate allergic reactions, such as urticaria and angioedema, are possible.
From the cardiovascular system: in some cases, when applied to large areas of skin, cardiac disorders are possible (a cause-and-effect relationship has not been established).
From the respiratory system: in some cases, when applied to large areas of the skin, disturbances from the respiratory system are possible (a cause-and-effect relationship has not been determined).
From the digestive system: temporary odor of garlic from the mouth (due to the action of dimethyl sulfide, a metabolite of dimethyl sulfoxide); a change in taste that goes away within a few minutes; in some cases, when applied to large areas of skin - stomach disorders, nausea, diarrhea (cause-and-effect relationship has not been determined).
Skin: hypersensitivity reactions to light.
General disorders: erythema, itching, burning, blisters, urticaria at the site of application. These reactions usually disappear during treatment. Otherwise, use of the drug should be discontinued. In some cases, when applied to large areas of the skin, increased fatigue, headache, chills are possible (cause-and-effect relationship has not been determined).
Caused by the action of dimethyl sulfoxide: dizziness, insomnia, adynamia, dermatitis, bronchospasm, vomiting.
Caused by the action of dexpanthenol: contact dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, eczema, rash, skin irritation.
Caused by the action of heparin: swelling of the skin, skin rash, hemorrhages, sometimes the appearance of small pustules, vesicles or blisters, which quickly disappear after discontinuation of the drug.
Comparison of addiction between Ketonal and Doloben
Like safety, addiction also involves many factors that must be considered when evaluating a drug.
So, the totality of the values of such parameters as “o syndrome” in Ketonal is quite similar to the similar values in Doloben. Withdrawal syndrome is a pathological condition that occurs after the cessation of intake of addictive or dependent substances into the body. And resistance is understood as initial immunity to a drug; in this it differs from addiction, when immunity to a drug develops over a certain period of time. The presence of resistance can only be stated if an attempt has been made to increase the dose of the drug to the maximum possible. At the same time, in Ketonal the meaning of the “syndrome” is quite small, however, the same as in Doloben.
special instructions
The drug contains isopropyl alcohol, so in order to avoid painful reactions it should not be applied to mucous membranes, open wound surfaces or damaged skin (for example, after irradiation, with dermatitis, dermatoses, postoperative scars, burns).
Other medications should not be applied to the treated areas of the skin for several hours before and after the application of Dolobene gel.
In order to prevent the occurrence of undesirable effects, the drug must be applied to skin cleansed of other medications, cosmetics and contaminants.
Contact with eyes should be avoided.
Application of dimethyl sulfoxide may lead to the development of photosensitivity. In this regard, when using Dolobene gel, you should refrain from sunbathing and visiting a solarium. If hypersensitivity reactions occur, use of the drug should be discontinued.
Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. There is still insufficient experience with the use of dimethyl sulfoxide in pregnant women, therefore the use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is contraindicated. Potential teratogenic effects of DMSO have been reported in animals.
Dimethyl sulfoxide passes into breast milk, so the use of the gel during breastfeeding is contraindicated.
The ability to influence reaction speed when driving vehicles or other mechanisms. Does not affect.
Children. The drug is not prescribed to children due to limited experience with use.
Comparison of the effectiveness of Ketonal and Doloben
The effectiveness of Ketonal is quite similar to Doloben - this means that the ability of the drug substance to provide the maximum possible effect is similar.
For example, if the therapeutic effect of Ketonal is more pronounced, then using Doloben even in large doses will not achieve this effect.
Also, the speed of therapy - an indicator of the speed of therapeutic action - is approximately the same for Ketonal and Doloben. And bioavailability, that is, the amount of a drug reaching its site of action in the body, is similar. The higher the bioavailability, the less it will be lost during absorption and use by the body.
Interactions
The simultaneous use of other local drugs may be accompanied by increased absorption.
Due to the ability of dimethyl sulfoxide to enhance both the specific activity and toxicity of certain drugs, the simultaneous application of other topical drugs should be avoided.
The drug Dolobene, containing dimethyl sulfoxide, cannot be used with sulindac (NSAID) due to the possibility of severe toxic reactions (peripheral neuropathy).
The use of heparin may lead to prolongation of prothrombin time in patients taking oral anticoagulants. Dimethyl sulfoxide enhances the effect of ethanol (alcohol inhibits the elimination of the drug) and insulin, acetylsalicylic acid, butadione; digitalis preparations, quinidine, nitroglycerin, antibiotics (streptomycin, monomycin, etc.), the body is sensitized to anesthesia.
Note!
The description of the drug Dolobene gel tube 20g on this page is a simplified author’s version of the apteka911 website, created on the basis of the instructions for use.
Before purchasing or using the drug, you should consult your doctor and read the manufacturer's original instructions (attached to each package of the drug). Information about the drug is provided for informational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to self-medication. Only a doctor can decide to prescribe the drug, as well as determine the dose and methods of its use.
Comparison of ease of use of Ketonal and Dolobenya
This includes dose selection taking into account various conditions and frequency of doses. At the same time, it is important not to forget about the release form of the drug; it is also important to take it into account when making an assessment.
The ease of use of Ketonal is approximately the same as Doloben. However, they are not convenient enough to use.
The drug ratings were compiled by experienced pharmacists who studied international research. The report is generated automatically.
Last update date: 2020-12-04 13:44:26